{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:20:52Z","timestamp":1777429252969,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]],"date-time":"2018-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529971200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Calgranulin C (S100A12) is an innate immune peptide at the air\u2013mucosal interface associated with neutrophil involvement, which when overexpressed has been implicated as a biomarker of inflammatory diseases. Decreased epithelial expression of certain innate immune peptides has been reported in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). We hypothesized that S100A12 is differentially expressed in the sinonasal mucosa of patients with CRS compared to controls and that S100A12 is a potential biomarker of CRS-specific quality of life (QOL) and disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective observational study was conducted which included 70 patients: 17 controls, 28 having CRS without (CRSsNP), and 25 with (CRSwNP) nasal polyps. The expression of S100A12 and human neutrophil elastase (HNE) was assessed in the anterior ethmoid tissues from all patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. Disease-specific QOL (Rhinosinusitis Disability Index) and disease severity (computed tomography [CT] and endoscopy) were evaluated and correlated to the expression levels of S100A12.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>S100A12 and HNE were significantly elevated in patients with CRSsNP compared to normal controls ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05 and P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, respectively) and patients with CRSwNP ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05 and P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, respectively), as measured by ELISA and IHC analyses. Patients with CRS exhibited worse CRS-specific disease severity compared to normal controls ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), and the increased protein levels of S100A12 were significantly correlated to disease severity, represented by CT scores ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>S100A12 is differentially expressed in CRS subtypes and is significantly elevated in patients with CRSsNP and associated with CRS-specific disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1945892418782238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]],"date-time":"2018-06-26T06:24:14Z","timestamp":1529994254000},"page":"380-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Calgranulin C (S100A12) Is Differentially Expressed in Subtypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"Pulsipher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brock M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristine A.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaelene","family":"Ashby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Firpo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard R.","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah A.","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head & Neck Surgery, Rhinology-Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Program, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2016.30.4360"},{"key":"bibr2-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-052016-100401"},{"key":"bibr3-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240602000203"},{"key":"bibr4-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2014.28.4082"},{"key":"bibr5-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-013-1356-7"},{"key":"bibr6-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1638"},{"key":"bibr7-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.02.021"},{"key":"bibr8-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-118"},{"key":"bibr9-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3816-1"},{"key":"bibr10-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2015.07.003"},{"key":"bibr11-1945892418782238","first-page":"1285","volume":"28","author":"Wang X","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"bibr12-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2004.02.023"},{"key":"bibr13-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2012.11.008"},{"key":"bibr14-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.14.9496"},{"key":"bibr15-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000639"},{"key":"bibr16-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.090156"},{"key":"bibr17-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2017.32.1.54"},{"key":"bibr18-1945892418782238","first-page":"1538","volume":"91","author":"Cheng Z","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"bibr19-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156652407783220750"},{"key":"bibr20-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-230-8_15"},{"key":"bibr21-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80801-6"},{"key":"bibr22-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.11.045"},{"key":"bibr23-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00159-2015"},{"key":"bibr24-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.12.002"},{"key":"bibr25-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.115.302072"},{"key":"bibr26-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.02.096"},{"key":"bibr27-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520701416709"},{"key":"bibr28-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20336"},{"key":"bibr29-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M710388200"},{"key":"bibr30-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.69.6.986","volume":"69","author":"Yang Z","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"bibr31-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.08.021"},{"key":"bibr32-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.06.726"},{"key":"bibr33-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1997.01900110025004"},{"key":"bibr34-1945892418782238","first-page":"183","volume":"31","author":"Lund VJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr35-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-59989770005-6"},{"key":"bibr36-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2006.01225.x"},{"key":"bibr37-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1324"},{"key":"bibr38-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.07.012"},{"key":"bibr39-1945892418782238","volume":"30","author":"Wang K","year":"2014","journal-title":"Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"bibr40-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2013.07.002"},{"key":"bibr41-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000441678"},{"key":"bibr42-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0409230"},{"key":"bibr43-1945892418782238","first-page":"386","volume":"32","author":"Bellussi LM","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngolog Ital"},{"key":"bibr44-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/296149"},{"key":"bibr45-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.01.079"},{"key":"bibr46-1945892418782238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39784"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1945892418782238","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1945892418782238","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1945892418782238","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:35:55Z","timestamp":1777368955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1945892418782238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1945892418782238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1945892418782238","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-8924","1945-8932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-8924","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-8932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]}}}