{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:28:41Z","timestamp":1777386521484,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Biomedicine Major Program of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology","award":["No.18411951600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.18411951600"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Allergic diseases have become a worldwide public health concern. A defining feature of allergic diseases is they often coexist in children from birth to adolescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the prevalence of comorbid allergic diseases in allergic children in Shanghai, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study of 333 029 children diagnosed with allergic diseases aged 0 to 12 years (mean age: 3.04 years, 59.3% boys) was conducted using the electronic medical records of Shanghai Children\u2019s Hospital from January 2013 to July 2018. Comorbidity of allergic diseases is defined as the coexistence of 2 or 3 following diseases in the same child such as asthma (AS)\/wheezing, allergic rhinitis (AR), or eczema (EC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proportion of children with comorbid allergic diseases was 6.7% (22 351\/333 029). Among them, EC\u2009+\u2009AS\/wheezing was the most common (61.3%, 13 711\/22 351). Children with a comorbidity had significantly earlier disease onset age than subjects with only 1 disease (2.72 vs 3.06, P\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The serum total immunoglobulin E (tIgE) levels of children with comorbid allergic diseases were higher than those with only 1 disease. In children with a disease onset age of 0 to 9 years, the levels of tIgE for children with AS\/wheezing\u2009+\u2009EC were higher than children with AS\/wheezing only or EC only; in children with disease onset age of 2 to 5 and 10 to 12 years, the levels of tIgE for children with AS\/wheezing\u2009+\u2009AR were higher than children with AS\/wheezing only or AR only; in children with a disease onset age of 2 to 5 years, the levels of tIgE for children with AR\u2009+\u2009EC were higher than children with AR only or EC only.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comorbidity of allergic diseases is common in children in Shanghai, China. The onset age of comorbidity is earlier than that of only 1 disease, and the levels of serum tIgE are higher in patients with an allergic comorbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1945892419883238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,23]],"date-time":"2019-10-23T00:36:59Z","timestamp":1571791019000},"page":"189-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Allergic Comorbidity of Asthma or Wheezing, Allergic Rhinitis, and Eczema: Result From 333 029 Allergic Children in Shanghai, China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8867-4936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heyu","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 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