{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T19:15:15Z","timestamp":1789067715592,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) measurement is an inexpensive and user-friendly method to assess nasal patency. However, the repeatability of PNIF measurements, as well as the threshold value of a change in PNIF, which can be considered significant remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the repeatability of PNIF measurements and the change in PNIF after the administration of 0.05% oxymetazoline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Repeated measurements of PNIF (Clement Clarke In-Check nasal inspiratory flow meter; Clement Clarke International, Ltd, Harlow, Essex, UK) were obtained in 333 healthy volunteers (174 women). Based on age, participants were categorized into three groups (6\u20137\u2009years, 13\u201314\u2009years, and 20\u201345\u2009years). We obtained five measurements in each participant. PNIF was remeasured in 294 subjects 30\u2009min after administration of 0.05% oxymetazoline. The variability in PNIF measurements was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV\u2009=\u2009standard deviation\u2009\u00d7\u2009100%\/mean).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The first four PNIF measurements significantly differed from each other. The difference in PNIF measurements ceased to be statistically significant only between the fourth and fifth measurements (p\u2009=\u20090.19). PNIF repeatability was acceptable; the median CV was 15.5% (0\u201366), which did not significantly differ between age groups. The administration of 0.05% oxymetazoline led to a statistically significant increase in the PNIF value by 14.3% (\u221245, 157%) (p\u2009=\u20090.000000).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1. No statistically significant difference was observed in PNIF values only between the fourth and fifth measurements; therefore, at least three measurements are essential to draw meaningful conclusions. 2. PNIF measurements were satisfactorily characterized by a relatively low CV (15%). 3. The administration of 0.05% oxymetazoline led to an increase in PNIF by approximately 14% over the baseline value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924211015584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,9]],"date-time":"2021-05-09T03:25:03Z","timestamp":1620530703000},"page":"41-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Investigation of Repeatability of Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow Rate Measurements Under Baseline Conditions and After Administration of 0.05% Oxymetazoline"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Dor-Wojnarowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6037-232X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Radli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Rabski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Fal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszy\u0144ski University, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2414-9275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Liebhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Zaleska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Babchyshyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Pneumonology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boles\u0142aw","family":"Samoli\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162918"},{"key":"bibr2-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino15.180"},{"key":"bibr3-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13329"},{"key":"bibr4-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino13.037"},{"key":"bibr5-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2012.06.013"},{"key":"bibr6-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1803-8"},{"key":"bibr7-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin19.410"},{"key":"bibr8-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13416"},{"key":"bibr9-19458924211015584","first-page":"389","volume":"47","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr10-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino10.266"},{"key":"bibr11-19458924211015584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino09.119"},{"key":"bibr12-19458924211015584","first-page":"32","volume":"44","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr13-19458924211015584","first-page":"94","volume":"12","author":"Papachristou 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