{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:23:10Z","timestamp":1787761390832,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635292800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies provided the first evidence that the importance of olfaction decreases with the duration of olfactory dysfunction (OD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate differences in olfactory-related quality of life (QoL) between patients with new-onset and persistent smell loss (&gt;4 weeks) during the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and patients with persistent postinfectious OD (PIOD) that were recruited before the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective study that included 149 patients with self-reported OD. The olfactory-related QoL was measured using the questionnaire of OD (QOD). The QOD measures the degree to which patients (i) adjust and cope with smell loss (QOD-positive statement [QOD-PS]), (ii) suffer from distorted odor perceptions (QOD-parosmia [QOD-PAR]), and (iii) suffer from smell loss in general (QOD-negative statement [QOD-NS]). Self-perceived chemosensory function, demographics, olfactory function, and duration of smell loss were evaluated. Analyses of variance were used to depict differences in QoL-outcomes between different OD groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients included during the COVID-19 pandemic reported an extensive loss of chemosensory functions of smell, taste, and flavor perception. Psychophysical retronasal screening testing showed olfactory impairments in more than half of these patients. One-way analysis of variance and posthoc tests revealed that the QOD-NS was significantly higher in the new-onset OD group than the PIOD group. At the same time, the QOD-PS score was significantly higher in the PIOD and the persistent COVID-19 OD group than in the new-onset OD group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We showed that patients with persistent OD experienced better olfactory-related adjustment and lower QoL-impairment scores than those with recent-onset smell loss, suggesting that the olfactory-related QoL might change as a function of time after symptom onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924211053118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T07:49:45Z","timestamp":1635320985000},"page":"253-260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Olfactory-related Quality of Life Adjustments in Smell Loss during the Coronavirus-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6948-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David T.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Prem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3168-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerold","family":"Besser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertold","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimentals and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19458924211053118","unstructured":"Roser M, Ritchie H, Ortiz-Ospina E, Hasell J. 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Loss of sense of smell as marker of COVID-19 infection. 2020. https:\/\/www.entuk.org\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/ Loss of sense of smell as marker of COVID.pdf"},{"key":"bibr7-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjaa041"},{"key":"bibr8-19458924211053118","author":"Gerkin RC","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"bibr9-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-05965-1"},{"key":"bibr10-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino16.248"},{"key":"bibr11-19458924211053118","author":"Auinger AB","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"bibr12-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40463-020-00423-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr13-19458924211053118","first-page":"32","volume":"59","author":"Liu DT","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr14-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-021-06826-1"},{"key":"bibr15-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820965242"},{"key":"bibr16-19458924211053118","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Questions and answers on COVID-19: Medical information. 2020. https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/covid-19\/facts\/questions-answers-medical-info"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr17-19458924211053118","first-page":"222","volume":"34","author":"Kobal G","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr18-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/22.1.39"},{"key":"bibr19-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-004-0796-y"},{"key":"bibr20-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21387"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr21-19458924211053118","first-page":"218","volume":"58","author":"Besser G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr22-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20123"},{"key":"bibr23-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2011.25.3611"},{"key":"bibr24-19458924211053118","author":"Rashid RA","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"bibr25-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22818"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr26-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05927-w","volume":"21","author":"Makaronidis J","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"bibr27-19458924211053118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29277"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19458924211053118","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19458924211053118","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19458924211053118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:37:00Z","timestamp":1777369020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19458924211053118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19458924211053118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19458924211053118","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-8924","1945-8932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-8924","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-8932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]}}}