{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:09:19Z","timestamp":1789416559724,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 DC014747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 DC014747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC005805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC005805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC019078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC019078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Olfactory dysfunction (OD) can occur from a variety of etiologies. However, there are few reports examining whether varying etiologies have unique profiles of psychophysical testing that may provide insight into the pathophysiology of OD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNP\/CRSsNP) and healthy control adults with no sinus complaints underwent olfactory assessment with Sniffin\u2019 Sticks. Profiles of identification and discrimination were compared between CRS and non-CRS subjects across the spectrum of OD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Normosmics with or without CRS identified apple, pineapple, and turpentine less frequently than expected (range 52%-68% correct). Hyposmics with CRS correctly identified orange more frequently than control hyposmics (83%-93% vs 68% for controls) with similar findings for rose. Hyposmics of all cohorts were unable to identify apple (26%). Discrimination profiles were similar across the spectrum of OD and between diagnostic groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identification and discrimination rates of specific odorants may provide unique information regarding the etiology of OD, however psychophysical testing is a complex interplay of olfactory and trigeminal function, the strength of target odorant, distractor choices, and familiarity with odorants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924221124692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T02:58:30Z","timestamp":1662519510000},"page":"26-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Profiles of Odorant Specific Performance in Olfactory Testing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6480-0275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nyssa","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9010-8183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Rimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0560-5028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremiah A.","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay R.","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6290-9506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6424-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19458924221124692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino16.248"},{"key":"bibr2-19458924221124692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1945892418793540"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr3-19458924221124692","first-page":"S1","volume":"152","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr4-19458924221124692","first-page":"222","volume":"34","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"bibr5-19458924221124692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0173-0"},{"key":"bibr6-19458924221124692","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini Y","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Royal Stat Soc Ser B"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; 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