{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T06:27:12Z","timestamp":1791008832618,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various surgical interventions exist for treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH). Though mucosal-sparing techniques are generally preferred, there is lack of consensus on the optimal technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review sought to evaluate the evidence for treatment of bilateral nasal obstruction via inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) and provide a meta-analysis of expected results of various techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library databases were queried to include articles describing surgical treatment for ITH. Exclusion criteria were concurrent nasal procedures or non-mucosal ITH. Primary outcomes included visual analog scale for nasal obstruction, nasal cavity volume by acoustic rhinometry, and resistance by anterior rhinomanometry. Subgroup analyses assessed outcomes by rhinitis diagnosis and length of follow-up, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was compared to microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty (MAIT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1870 studies were identified with 62 meeting inclusion criteria. Reported techniques included turbinectomy, submucosal resection, RFA, MAIT, laser, or electrocautery.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>All techniques demonstrated significant improvements in nasal obstruction using the visual analog scale. Further comprehensive physiologic data for RFA, MAIT, and laser was available and, compared to baseline, these techniques resulted in significant improvements in nasal resistance, nasal cavity volume, and nasal airflow. Six studies directly compared RFA and MAIT with statistically similar results on VAS, nasal cavity volume, and resistance with median follow-up time of 3.5 months. Assessment of VAS congestion over time reveals peak benefit is achieved between 3\u20136 months follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All reviewed ITR techniques improve patient-reported nasal obstruction. RFA and MAIT provide comparable improvements in patient-reported and physiologic nasal airflow outcomes and while benefits are sustained long-term, the peak benefit for both techniques appears to be achieved within the first year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924221134555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T14:10:16Z","timestamp":1667225416000},"page":"110-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Systematic Review of Surgical Interventions for Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Kathy","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6535-8968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Royal M.","family":"Pipaliya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0708-4345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amar","family":"Miglani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun A.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6480-0275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-011-0445-x."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613211001599."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1999.00645.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ijgm.s8088."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Leader PGZ. Vasomotor Rhinitis. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Updated 2020 Aug 16. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK547704\/?report\u2009=\u2009classic."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.9.990."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200303000-00022","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of radiofrequency tissue ablation, CO2 Laser ablation, and partial turbinectomy applications on nasal mucociliary functions","volume":"113","author":"\u015eap\u00e7i T","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u015eap\u00e7i T, \u015eahin B, Karavus A, Akbulut UG. Comparison of the effects of radiofrequency tissue ablation, CO2 Laser ablation, and partial turbinectomy applications on nasal mucociliary functions. Laryngoscope. 2009;113(3):514\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005537-200303000-00022.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Cochrane. Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I). 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