{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T17:50:22Z","timestamp":1793814622249,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675555200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) are two clinical phenotypes of primary diffuse type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) defined in the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis 2020 classification. Currently, the distinction between these subtypes relies on phenotypic features alone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate whether eosinophil activation differed between CCAD and eCRS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted of adult patients presenting with CCAD and eCRS who had undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Routine pathology results were obtained from clinical records. Eosinophils were counted on haematoxylin and eosin-stained formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sinonasal tissue. Eotaxin-3, eosinophil peroxidase and immunoglobulin E levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      38 participants were included (51.7\u2009\u00b1\u200915.6 years, 47.4% female), of whom 36.8% were diagnosed with CCAD and 63.2% with eCRS. The eCRS group was characterised by older age (55.8\u2009\u00b1\u200916.3 vs 44.5\u2009\u00b1\u200911.8 years, p\u2009=\u20090.029), and on histology exhibited a higher degree of tissue inflammation ( \u03c4\n                      <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.409, p\u2009=\u20090.011), greater proportion of patients with &gt;100 eosinophils\/high power field (87.5% vs 50%, p\u2009=\u20090.011), and higher absolute tissue eosinophil count (2141\u2009\u00b1\u20091947 vs 746\u2009\u00b1\u2009519 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , p\u2009=\u20090.013). Eotaxin-3 scores were higher in the eCRS group (5.00[5.00\u20136.00] vs 6.00[6.00\u20136.75], p\u2009 =\u20090.015). Other outcomes were similar.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eosinophil and eotaxin-3 levels were elevated in eCRS compared with CCAD, suggesting a greater degree of eosinophil stimulation and chemotaxis. Patients with CCAD were younger. Future investigation and biomarkers may better distinguish CRS subpopulations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924231155012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T01:57:21Z","timestamp":1675648641000},"page":"402-409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["CCAD or eCRS: Defining Eosinophilic Subpopulations in Chronic Rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3551-4004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Sit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 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