{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:36:44Z","timestamp":1777387004287,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors that are rarely diagnosed in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review summarizes the histopathologic and clinical tumor characteristics, surgical management, and follow-up of sinonasal leiomyomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of the literature on sinonasal leiomyoma was performed by applying the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed for level of evidence. Patient demographics, clinical and pathological tumor characteristics, primary intervention, and results of follow-up were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty studies including 84 patients with sinonasal leiomyoma were identified. The tumor was most often located in the nasal cavity (47\/84, 56%) originating from the inferior turbinate (32\/84, 38%). Patients mostly presented with symptoms originating from an intranasal mass, including recurrent epistaxis (41\/84, 49%), nasal obstruction (43\/84, 51.2%), and localized facial or head pain (25\/84, 29.8%). Surgery was performed in all cases. An endoscopic approach was most frequently chosen. Recurrence occurred only twice (2.4%). Morbidity was noted in 2 cases (2.4%) following postoperative bleeding and 1 (1.2%) case following a CSF leak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sinonasal leiomyomas are neoplasms of the smooth muscle manifesting clinically with recurrent epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Management goal is total resection with clear margins to avoid local recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924231170464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T12:56:20Z","timestamp":1682340980000},"page":"586-592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up of Sinonasal Leiomyomas: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Annette","family":"Runge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6804-6062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avneet","family":"Randhawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Mayo-Pati\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National University of Colombia and National University Hospital of Colombia, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Santer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Hartl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9176-7415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Dejaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Anderson","family":"Eloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center \u2013 RWJBarnabas Health, Livingston, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19458924231170464","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002011"},{"key":"bibr2-19458924231170464","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.119770"},{"key":"bibr3-19458924231170464","first-page":"318620","volume":"2015","author":"Burkart S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Otolaryngol"},{"key":"bibr4-19458924231170464","volume-title":"Tumors of the Head and Neck: Clinical and Pathological Considerations","author":"Batsakis JG","year":"1979","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr5-19458924231170464","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsann.2019.0086"},{"key":"bibr6-19458924231170464","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33160\/yam.2021.05.008"},{"key":"bibr7-19458924231170464","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989411100520"},{"key":"bibr8-19458924231170464","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"bibr9-19458924231170464","unstructured":"Howick J, Chalmers I, Glasziou P, et al. 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