{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T16:25:27Z","timestamp":1788193527134,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol\ufffdAllergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No widely accepted, validated instrument currently exists to measure clinical outcomes in patients who undergo dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) for treatment of epiphora.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop a patient-reported outcome measure applicable to this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychometric evaluations, consultation with experts, and review of the literature informed item generation of a 12-question questionnaire to incorporate the most relevant symptoms experienced by patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This questionnaire, known as the Tearing Assessment and Rating Scale-12 (TEARS-12), was administered to 32 patients before and after intervention, in the form of endoscopic DCR. Statistical analysis was performed to measure internal consistency, responsiveness, and test-retest reliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre-operative and post-operative TEARS-12 scores (28.2 [standard error (SE) 3.19] vs 11.8 [SE 3.25], respectively, P\u2009=\u20090.001) demonstrated improved patient outcome within 6 weeks following endoscopic DCR. Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire was 0.90, indicating high overall reliability. Additionally, each question demonstrated internal reliability, with a corrected item-total correlation greater than 0.30. The intraclass correlation between the two pre-operative scores was 0.858 ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), indicating high test-retest reliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TEARS-12 is a statistically valid, easy-to-administer instrument to measure clinical outcomes in patients who undergo endoscopic DCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924241241871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T04:11:35Z","timestamp":1713240695000},"page":"211-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A New Patient-reported Outcomes Measure for Surgically Treated Epiphora: Tearing Assessment and Rating Scale-12 (TEARS-12)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Aria","family":"Jafari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan C.","family":"Simmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmed Medical Group, Rye, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8723-7670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret B.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine G.","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashton","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianella","family":"Paz-Lansberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael K.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Metson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812446679"},{"key":"bibr2-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014556131709600609"},{"key":"bibr3-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13217"},{"key":"bibr4-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949610500601"},{"key":"bibr5-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino11.042"},{"key":"bibr6-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhino10.069"},{"key":"bibr7-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.120"},{"key":"bibr8-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000977"},{"key":"bibr9-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2006.01573.x"},{"key":"bibr10-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770140211"},{"key":"bibr11-19458924241241871","volume-title":"The handbook of psychological testing","author":"Kline P","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr12-19458924241241871","volume-title":"Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services","author":"Bowling A","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr13-19458924241241871","volume-title":"Concepts and their measurement: Quantitative data analysis, with SPSS for Windows","author":"Bryman A","year":"1997"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr14-19458924241241871","volume":"152","author":"Rosenfeld RM","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"bibr15-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.4.284"},{"key":"bibr16-19458924241241871","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01995.x"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Rhinology &amp; 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