{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:28:52Z","timestamp":1777386532806,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Rhinol&amp;#65533;Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Burn injuries and surgical drape fires are known potential complications of endoscopic surgery. Automatic standby technology (AST) triggers the light source to immediately enter \u201cstandby mode\u201d when the light cable disconnects from the endoscope, which should reduce the likelihood of patient and caregiver injuries and operating room drape fires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study compared AST versus a conventional light source without this technology, examining temperature differences at the endoscope tip and adapter, as well as the propensity of disconnected light cables to burn surgical drapes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AST and conventional light sources with standard light cables were connected to 4\u2005mm rigid nasal endoscopes. Temperature was measured using a thermocouple sensor at the endoscope tip (112 time points at 15\u2005s intervals) and adapter (52 time points at 15\u2005s intervals), comparing AST and conventional light sources. A thermal camera assessed the temperature of the light cable ends immediately upon disconnection. Light cables were held to standard surgical drapes immediately after disconnection, both with direct and indirect contact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Average endoscope tip temperature was 24.0\u2009\u00b0C for AST and 25.2\u2009\u00b0C for conventional (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Average adapter temperature was 26.6\u2009\u00b0C for AST and 27.3\u2009\u00b0C for conventional (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Immediately upon disconnection, light cable temperature averaged 40.9\u2009\u00b0C for cables attached to AST, versus 56.8\u2009\u00b0C for conventional light sources. Conventional light cables showed notable drape burns at all time intervals with both direct and indirect contact. Damage was significantly greater with indirect contact via thermal radiation. The AST system did not burn drapes with either direct or indirect contact.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AST technology provides significant safety value by removing radiative heat transfer as a possible agent of patient and caregiver harm, rapidly lowering the temperature of an accidentally disconnected light cable to levels well below the threshold for causing skin injury and drape burns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924251399713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T18:28:06Z","timestamp":1764095286000},"page":"169-175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Automatic Standby Light Source Technology Can Significantly Reduce the Risk of Patient Injury and Surgical Drape Burns During Endoscopic Procedures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4181-2609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Kabalan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1025-2549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler","family":"Merrill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6584-922X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raj","family":"Sindwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23339"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2008.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004649900665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjq.2023.08.004"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"695","article-title":"Studies of thermal injury II: the relative importance of time and surface temperature in the causation of cutaneous burns","volume":"23","author":"Moritz AR","year":"1947","unstructured":"Moritz AR, Henriques FC. Studies of thermal injury II: the relative importance of time and surface temperature in the causation of cutaneous burns. Am J Pathol. 1947;23(5):695\u2010720.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21367"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","volume-title":"Principles of heat and mass transfer","author":"Incropera FP","year":"2013","unstructured":"Incropera FP, DeWitt DP, Bergman TL, et al. Principles of heat and mass transfer. 7th ed. 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