{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:47:08Z","timestamp":1792043228492,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"ministry of science and technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(MAT2011-23819 and MAT2014-55657-R)."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(MAT2011-23819 and MAT2014-55657-R)."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CARTILAGE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The limits of the microfracture (MFX) treatment in terms of lesion size and long-term tissue functionality makes it necessary to investigate different alternatives to repair focal cartilage lesions. The present study aims at evaluating the efficacy of a minimally invasive approach against the conventional MFX to repair a chondral defect in rabbits. An injectable scaffold of BMP-2 pre-encapsulated in PLGA microspheres dispersed in a Pluronic F-127 solution is proposed as support of cells and controlled delivery system for the growth factor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MFX was compared versus the injectable system seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), both without BMP-2 and under controlled release of BMP-2 at 2 different doses (3 and 12 \u00b5g\/scaffold). The different treatments were evaluated on a 4-mm diameter chondral defect model using 9 experimental groups of 4 rabbits (8 knees) each, throughout 24 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histologically, all the treated groups, except MFX treated, responded significantly better than the control group (nontreated defect). Although no significant differences were found between the treated groups, only BMP(12), MSC-BMP(12), and MFX-BMP(3) groups showed nonsignificant differences when compared with the normal cartilage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The hydrogel system proposed to control the release rate of the BMP-2 was safe, easily injectable, and also provided good support for cells. Treatments with MSCs or BMP-2 repaired efficiently the chondral lesion created in rabbits, being less invasive than MFX treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603519841682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T10:52:18Z","timestamp":1554979938000},"page":"293-306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Injectable Scaffold for Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 to Repair Cartilage"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Vayas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain"},{"name":"Servicio de Cirug\u00eda Ortop\u00e9dica y Traumatolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Ntra, Sra. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 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