{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:57:34Z","timestamp":1777478254277,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,27]],"date-time":"2020-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587945600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers","award":["P30-AG-028716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AG-028716"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR048769"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR048769"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CARTILAGE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate effects of physical activity and food consumption on plasma concentrations of free and total transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-\u03b21), beta-2 (TGF-\u03b22), and beta-3 (TGF-\u03b23) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants ( n = 40 in 2 cohorts of 20; mean age 70 years) with radiographic knee OA were admitted overnight for serial blood sampling. Cohorts 1 and 2 assessed the impacts of food intake and activity, respectively, on TGF-\u03b2 concentrations. Cohort 1 blood draws included 2 hours postprandial the evening of day 1 (T3), fasting before rising on day 2 (T0), nonfasting 1 hour after rising (T1B), and 4 hours after rising (T2). Cohort 2 blood draws included T3, T0, fasting 1 hour after rising and performing activities of daily living (T1A), and nonfasting 2 hours after rising (T1B). By sandwich ELISAs, we quantified plasma free and total TGF-\u03b21 concentrations in all samples, and plasma total TGF-\u03b22 and TGF-\u03b23 in cohort 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Free TGF-\u03b21 represented a small fraction of the total systemic concentration (mean 0.026%). In cohort 2, free and total TGF-\u03b21 and total TGF-\u03b22 concentration significantly increased in fasting samples collected after an hour (T1A) of activities of daily living (free TGF-\u03b21: P = 0.006; total TGF-\u03b21: P &lt; 0.001; total TGF-\u03b22: P = 0.001). Total TGF-\u03b23 increased nonsignificantly following activity ( P = 0.590) and decreased ( P = 0.035) after food consumption while resting (T1B).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased plasma concentrations of TGF-\u03b2 with physical activity suggests activity should be standardized prior to TGF-\u03b21 analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603520916523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T02:11:15Z","timestamp":1588039875000},"page":"1741S-1748S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Increase in Free and Total Plasma TGF-\u03b21 Following Physical Activity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9303-9742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley J.","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9873-4066","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Louie C.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet L.","family":"Huebner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 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