{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T22:27:40Z","timestamp":1793226460428,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018-02937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02937"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Union's Horizon 2020","award":["874671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["874671"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001858","name":"VINNOVA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-02130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-02130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CARTILAGE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Post-traumatic chondral and osteochondral lesions can be treated with autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), but the high cost of autologous cell expansion under strict Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) regulations limits patient access. Stem cell\u2013based advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) offer more cost-effective alternatives, with human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) showing great promise due to their expandability, low immunogenicity, commercialization potential, and fewer ethical concerns.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aim.<\/jats:italic>\n                    To develop a protocol to direct iPSC through a mesenchymal stage into chondroprogenitors (iCHOp), resembling autologous chondroprogenitor cells used in ACI.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The derived chondroprogenitor cells were expanded in monolayer and in 3-dimensional (3D) cultures and subsequently analyzed using transcriptomic profiling via RNA sequencing and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared with ACI chondrocytes.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Transcriptomic profiling confirmed successful differentiation, with iCHOp showing 83% similarity to ACI chondrocytes. Further 3D culture maturation led to upregulation of chondrogenesis-related genes and activation of cartilage-specific pathways. Histological analysis confirmed extracellular matrix production, including proteoglycans, collagen, and versican. Furthermore, the protocol\u2019s reproducibility was demonstrated using 3 distinct iPSC lines, successfully expanded in both serum-containing and defined serum-free media.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Our optimized approach yields iCHOp with phenotypes closely matching ACI chondrocytes, offering a solid foundation for further development and potential clinical applications in cartilage repair.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19476035251351713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:40:45Z","timestamp":1751517645000},"page":"644-659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Toward Implantable Chondroprogenitor Cells"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Josefine","family":"Ekholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Vukusic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Brantsing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fazal","family":"Ur Rehman Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9020-3714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stina","family":"Simonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Falk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Regenerative Medicine Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1012-1952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Rotter Sopasakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Lindahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520908588"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509357915"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509358266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410063311401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749-8063(97)90124-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 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