{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T23:27:00Z","timestamp":1793834820810,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CARTILAGE"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) relies on secure collagen membrane fixation for successful cartilage repair. However, comparative biomechanical data on fixation techniques remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate and compare the fixation strength of various collagen membrane fixation techniques used in autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) using an\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      porcine model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty porcine knees were used to test 17 different fixation methods for securing collagen membranes (Chondro-Gide\u00ae). Fixation techniques included various combinations of absorbable and non-absorbable anchors, different suture materials, knotted and knotless techniques, and absorbable pins. Membrane thickness was measured using digital micrometry. Tensile testing was performed using a digital force gauge until failure. Peak fixation strength and failure modes were recorded.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Mean collagen membrane thickness was 0.492 \u00b1 0.151 mm with moderate correlation to tensile strength (r = 0.554,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Among tested methods, the 2.0-mm absorbable pin demonstrated significantly superior fixation strength compared to all other techniques (16.67 \u00b1 4.17 N vs. 5.54-10.01 N,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). No significant differences were observed among various anchor-suture combinations. Failure occurred predominantly through membrane tearing at anchor insertion sites (47.1%) and suture fixation points (35.9%), rather than anchor pull-out or suture breakage.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most conventional fixation methods showed comparable mechanical performance, limited by the inherent properties of the collagen membrane. The 2.0-mm absorbable pin achieved superior fixation through a compression-embedding mechanism rather than simple surface fixation. These findings suggest that fixation strategies incorporating membrane compression into the subchondral bone may provide enhanced mechanical stability for ACI procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19476035251412115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:37:28Z","timestamp":1768783048000},"page":"1168-1179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biomechanical Evaluation of Collagen Membrane Fixation Techniques in Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation: A Comparative\n                    <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n                    Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2309-8413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideto","family":"Harada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Senshunkai Hospital, Nagaokakyo, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410063311401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2006.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.0246"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-1028-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508322131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-0828-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2004.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30765"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-010-1356-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603510362907"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2006.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.96B4.32829"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517740575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03201-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-004-0535-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632990"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100150205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2000.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603510365533"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2015.0297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v5.i4.444"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.04.077"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-76735-2_12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1299651"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465241262337"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life12111718"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603518756463"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","article-title":"Biophysical stimulation improves clinical results of matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation in the treatment of chondral lesions of the knee","volume":"26","author":"Collarile M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Collarile M, Sambri A, Lullini G, Cadossi M, Zorzi C. Biophysical stimulation improves clinical results of matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation in the treatment of chondral lesions of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018;26(4):1223-9.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"}],"container-title":["CARTILAGE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19476035251412115","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19476035251412115","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19476035251412115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T23:22:24Z","timestamp":1793834544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19476035251412115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19476035251412115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19476035251412115","relation":{},"ISSN":["1947-6035","1947-6043"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1947-6035","type":"print"},{"value":"1947-6043","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]]}}}