{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T07:14:55Z","timestamp":1793344495883,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has been shown to be helpful in characterizing tumor cellularity, and predicting histology. Several works have evaluated this technique for pineal tumors; however studies to date have not focused on pediatric pineal tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the diffusion characteristics of pediatric pineal tumors to confirm if patterns seen in studies using mixed pediatric and adult populations remain valid.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study was performed after Institutional Review Board approval. We retrospectively evaluated all patients 18 years of age and younger with pineal tumors from a single institution where preoperative diffusion weighted imaging as well as histologic characterization was available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty patients (13 male, 7 female) with pineal tumors were identified: seven with pineoblastoma, four with Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET), two with other pineal tumors, and seven with germ cell tumors including two germinomas, three teratomas, and one mixed germinoma-teratoma. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in pineoblastoma (544\u2009\u00b1\u200965\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20136<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s) and pineoblastoma\/PNET (595\u2009\u00b1\u2009144\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20136<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s) was lower than that of the germ cell tumors (1284\u2009\u00b1\u2009334\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20136<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001 vs pineoblastoma). One highly cellular germinoma had an ADC value of 694\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>\u20136<\/jats:sup>\n                      mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/s.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ADC values can aid in differentiation of pineoblastoma\/PNET from germ cell tumors in a population of children with pineal masses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400915581741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]],"date-time":"2015-05-11T21:23:03Z","timestamp":1431379383000},"page":"209-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Diffusion characteristics of pediatric pineal tumors"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Asim F","family":"Choudhri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T","family":"Whitehead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeel","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Paul","family":"Klimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"},{"name":"Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, USA"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, St Jude Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick A","family":"Boop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA"},{"name":"Le Bonheur Neuroscience Institute, Le Bonheur Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"},{"name":"Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, USA"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, St Jude Children\u2019s Hospital, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(03)00080-6"},{"key":"bibr2-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24540"},{"key":"bibr3-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.6.1377"},{"key":"bibr4-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.8074"},{"key":"bibr5-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.3.842"},{"key":"bibr6-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.10.096"},{"key":"bibr7-1971400915581741","unstructured":"Allen JC, Bruce J, Kun LE, et\u00a0al. Pineal region tumors. In: Levin VA (ed.)\n                      Cancer in the nervous system\n                      . 2nd edn. 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Apparent diffusion coefficients for differentiation of cerebellar tumors in children.\n                      AJNR Am J Neuroradiol\n                      2006; 27: 1362\u20131369."},{"key":"bibr17-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3757"},{"key":"bibr18-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3333"},{"key":"bibr19-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2806"},{"key":"bibr20-1971400915581741","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kakigi T, Okada T, Kanagaki M, et\u00a0al. 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