{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T17:00:15Z","timestamp":1778173215688,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a persistent carotid-basilar anastomosis. It rarely remains at birth. It occasionally may be a risk for ischemia and embolic infarction to the posterior cerebral circulation, especially in patients with carotid stenosis proximal to the origin of persistent primitive arteries. We describe a case of a 60-year-old woman with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and ipsilateral PPHA successfully treated by carotid artery stenting (CAS). A few cases of CAS for ICA stenosis with PPHA have been reported, but the strategy and methods in each case were different because of its unique anatomy and hemodynamics. It is essential to prevent distal embolisms and preserve blood flow at the territory of both the ICA and PPHA. The protection method should be selected carefully. We review the literature and discuss appropriate treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400915626427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]],"date-time":"2016-01-29T22:08:36Z","timestamp":1454105316000},"page":"115-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Internal carotid artery stenosis with persistent primitive hypoglossal artery treated with carotid artery stenting: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Bikei","family":"Ryu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kanto Neurosurgical Hospital, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kanto Neurosurgical Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Yagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kanto Neurosurgical Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuneo","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kanto Neurosurgical Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takakazu","family":"Kawamata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1971400915626427","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(11)80073-7"},{"key":"bibr2-1971400915626427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang L, Song G, Chen L, et\u00a0al. Concomitant asymptomatic internal carotid artery and persistent primitive hypoglossal artery stenosis treated by endovascular stenting with proximal embolic protection.\n                      J Vasc Surg\n                      . Epub ahead of print 27 May 2014. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.04.066.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.04.066"},{"key":"bibr3-1971400915626427","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.50.921"},{"key":"bibr4-1971400915626427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eller JL, Jahshan S, Dumont TM, et\u00a0al. Tandem symptomatic internal carotid artery and persistent hypoglossal artery stenosis treated by endovascular stenting and flow reversal.\n                      BMJ Case Rep.\n                      Epub ahead of print 23 May 2013. DOI: 10.1136\/bcr-2012-010578.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-010578"},{"key":"bibr5-1971400915626427","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02841850601026443"},{"key":"bibr6-1971400915626427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva CF, Hou SY, Kuhn AL, et\u00a0al. Double embolic protection during carotid artery stenting with persistent hypoglossal artery.\n                      BMJ Case Rep\n                      . Epub ahead of print 2 May 2013. 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