{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:52:57Z","timestamp":1791726777281,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), compared with T2*-weighted gradient echo (GRE) imaging in assessing cerebral cavernous malformations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated 21 patients with a familial form of cavernous malformation. Magnetic resonance (MR) protocol included non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced fast-spin echo (FSE) T1-weighted sequences, FSE T2-weighted sequences, fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR), GRE T2*-weighted and SWI sequences. Images were reviewed in consensus by two expert neuroradiologists to assess the location, number, size and conspicuity of the lesions on T2*-weighted GRE and SWI sequences. Statistical differences in the number, size and conspicuity of the lesions seen on the SWI images and the T2*-weighted GRE images were assessed with the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of cavernous malformations was significantly higher ( p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) on the SWI images ( n\u2009=\u2009152) than on T2*-weighted GRE images ( n\u2009=\u200956). Lesion size was significantly higher ( p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) on SWI images (mean: 0.4\u2009cm, SD\u2009\u00b1\u20090.55) than on T2*-weighted GRE sequences (mean: 0.2\u2009cm, SD\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51) and the differences were statistically significant ( p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Lesion conspicuity was significant higher ( p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) on SWI than on T2*-weighted GRE images. In one patient who underwent a 2-month follow-up for the onset of neurologic symptoms related to cerebral hemorrhage, a cerebral hematoma was identified at the site of a cerebral cavernous malformation that was demonstrated only on the SWI images in the previous MR examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SWI sequence, being more sensitive to substances which distort the local magnetic field than the GRE T2*W sequence, showed a higher sensitivity in identifying cerebral cavernous malformations. Thus, routine clinical neuroimaging protocol should contain SWI sequences to evaluate patients with (or suspected) cerebral cavernous malformations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400916665376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T21:49:06Z","timestamp":1471902546000},"page":"326-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Accuracy of SWI sequences compared to T2*-weighted gradient echo sequences in the detection of cerebral cavernous malformations in the familial form"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Gianvincenzo","family":"Sparacia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Speciale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurelia","family":"Banco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bencivinni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Midiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, 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