{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T04:19:12Z","timestamp":1790309952594,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroradiol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) bi-component curve-fitting histogram analysis and volume percentage change (VPC) prior to bevacizumab treatment can stratify progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) on first recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated 17 patients with recurrent GBM who received bevacizumab and fotemustine ( n\u2009=\u200913) or only bevacizumab ( n\u2009=\u20094) on first recurrence at our institution between December 2009 and July 2015. Both T2\/FLAIR abnormalities and enhancing tumor on T1 images were mapped to the ADC images. ADC-L and ADC-M values were obtained trough bi-Gaussian curve fitting histogram analysis. Furthermore, the study population was dichotomized into two subgroups: patients displaying a reduction in enhancing tumor volume of either &gt;55% or &lt;55% between the mean value calculated at baseline and first follow-up. Subsequently, a second dichotomization was performed according to a reduction in the T2 \/ FLAIR volume &gt;41% or &lt;41% at first check after treatment. OS and PFS were assessed using volume parameters in a Cox regression model adjusted for significant clinical parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In univariate analysis, contrast-enhanced (CE)-ADC-L was significantly predictive of PFS ( p\u2009=\u20090.01) and OS ( p\u2009=\u20090.03). When we dichotomized our sample using the 55% cut-off for enhancing tumor volume, CE-VPC was able to predict PFS ( p\u2009=\u20090.01) but not OS ( p\u2009=\u20090.08). In multivariate analysis, only the CE-ADC-L was predictive of PFS ( p\u2009=\u20090.01), albeit not predictive of OS ( p\u2009=\u20090.14). CE-ADC-M, T2\/FLAIR-ADC-L, T2\/FLAIR-ADC, and T2\/FLAIR VPC were not significantly predictive of PFS and OS ( p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) in both univariate and multivariate analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CE-ADC and CE-VPC can stratify PFS for patients with recurrent glioblastoma prior to bevacizumab treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400919847184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T09:35:36Z","timestamp":1557308136000},"page":"241-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Apparent diffusion coefficient and tumor volume measurements help stratify progression-free survival of bevacizumab-treated patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Buemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, \u201cPapardo\u201d Hospital, Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Guzzardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0427-707X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Del Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea P","family":"Sponghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Matheoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Soligo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Trisoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Carriero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Stecco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, University of Eastern Piedmont, \u201cMaggiore della Carit\u00e0\u201d Hospital, Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1971400919847184","unstructured":"Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. 2007\u20132008 Primary brain tumors in the United States. 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