{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T03:37:11Z","timestamp":1793849831175,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antivir Chem Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that has recently emerged in the Western Hemisphere. Approved antiviral therapies or vaccines for the treatment or prevention of CHIKV infections are not available. This study aims to evaluate the antiviral activity of commercially available broad-spectrum antivirals against CHIKV. Due to host cell-specific variability in uptake and intracellular processing of drug, we evaluated the antiviral effects of each agent in three cell lines. Antiviral activities of ribavirin (RBV), interferon-alfa (IFN-\u03b1) and favipiravir (FAV) were assessed in CHIKV-infected Vero, HUH-7, and A549 cells. CHIKV-infected cells were treated with increasing concentrations of each agent for three days and viral burden was quantified by plaque assay on Vero cells. Cytotoxic effects of RBV, FAV and IFN-\u03b1 were also evaluated. Antiviral activity differed depending on the cell line used for evaluation. RBV had the greatest antiviral effect in HUH-7 cells (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.575\u2009\u00b5g\/mL); IFN-\u03b1 was most effective in A549 cells (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20094.235\u2009IU\/mL); and FAV in HUH-7 cells (EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200920.00\u2009\u03bcg\/mL). The results of our study show FAV and IFN-\u03b1 are the most promising candidates, as their use led to substantial reductions in viral burden at clinically achievable concentrations in two human-derived cell lines. FAV is an especially attractive candidate for further investigation due to its oral bioavailability. These findings also highlight the importance of cell line selection for preclinical drug trials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2040206618807580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T01:22:25Z","timestamp":1540430545000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["The effectiveness of antiviral agents with broad-spectrum activity against chikungunya virus varies between host cell lines"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Evelyn J","family":"Franco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Orlando, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime L","family":"Rodriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin J","family":"Pomeroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaley C","family":"Hanrahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9993-5241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley N","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2368"},{"key":"bibr2-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.07.002"},{"key":"bibr3-2040206618807580","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization. Geographic Spread of Chikungunya in the Americas 2013-2017, http:\/\/ais.paho.org\/phip\/viz\/ed_chikungunya_amro.asp (accessed 24 September 2017)."},{"key":"bibr4-2040206618807580","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chikungunya Virus, www.cdc.gov\/chikungunya\/symptoms\/index.html (2015, accessed 24 April 2017)."},{"key":"bibr5-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI84417"},{"key":"bibr6-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005238"},{"key":"bibr7-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901610010129"},{"key":"bibr8-2040206618807580","unstructured":"CDC; Chikungunya Virus Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment, www.cdc.gov\/chikungunya\/symptoms\/index.html (2016, accessed 4 October 2018)."},{"key":"bibr9-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05762-11"},{"key":"bibr10-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.6.2164-2171.2005"},{"key":"bibr11-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-001-0308-0"},{"key":"bibr12-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011265"},{"key":"bibr13-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.111085598"},{"key":"bibr14-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2002.1487"},{"key":"bibr15-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01156-16"},{"key":"bibr16-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001967"},{"key":"bibr17-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp274"},{"key":"bibr18-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00102-15"},{"key":"bibr19-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201303131"},{"key":"bibr20-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw358"},{"key":"bibr21-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01983-17"},{"key":"bibr22-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02280-08"},{"key":"bibr23-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-711X(90)90140-X"},{"key":"bibr24-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.24.5.696"},{"key":"bibr25-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.10.2451"},{"key":"bibr26-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.09.015"},{"key":"bibr27-2040206618807580","volume-title":". Report on the deliberation results of favipiravir (English version). Review report","author":"Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr28-2040206618807580","author":"Madelain V","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"bibr29-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku209"},{"key":"bibr30-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00949-10"},{"key":"bibr31-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-43-1-247"},{"key":"bibr32-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dnares\/dsu029"},{"key":"bibr33-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4149\/gpb_2009_03_294"},{"key":"bibr34-2040206618807580","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-96-5-549"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2040206618807580","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2040206618807580","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2040206618807580","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T22:55:25Z","timestamp":1728428125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2040206618807580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2040206618807580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2040206618807580","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-3202","2040-2066"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-3202","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-2066","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"article-number":"2040206618807580"}}