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However, if there is a poor response to this first-line therapy, relapsed\/refractory PMBCL (rrPMBCL) has limited treatment options. The historic trend is to treat rrPMBCL with salvage regimens commonly used for DLBCL followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant (HDT-ASCT); however, response rates to salvage therapy remain low and few patients are able to proceed to transplant. An interesting feature of PMBCL is that even though it is classified as a subtype of DLBCL, PMBCL actually shares many clinical, pathologic, and genetic features with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). For example, both frequently express program death ligand 1 and 2 (PD-L1\/2), which is not seen in other mature B-cell lymphomas. The expression of PD-L1\/2 in PMBCL makes PDL1 inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, an attractive therapeutic target. Pembrolizumab is an effective and well-tolerated therapy now approved for a number of cancer types from advanced melanoma to relapsed\/refractory cHL. There are now multi-institutional trials underway assessing the role of pembrolizumab in the treatment of rrPMBCL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2040620719841591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T07:11:23Z","timestamp":1555917083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The role of pembrolizumab in relapsed\/refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Tomassetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2714-2434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Savita","family":"Dandapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. 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