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This review aimed to compare median relapse-free survival (RFS) and median overall survival (OS) in adult and pediatric patients with R\/R or MRD-positive B-cell ALL from pivotal studies [MT-103-211 and TOWER for adults with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative R\/R B-cell ALL, ALCANTARA for adults with Ph-positive R\/R B-cell ALL, MT-103-203 for adults with MRD-positive B-cell ALL, and MT-103-205 for pediatric patients with R\/R B-cell ALL], with the median RFS and OS from retrospective analyses, country or ethnicity-specific studies, and studies based on real-world evidence (RWE) identified from a literature search. Adults with Ph-negative R\/R B-cell ALL who received blinatumomab as first salvage demonstrated a numerically longer median OS compared with that in patients from pivotal studies (MT-103-211 and TOWER) without additional safety concerns. In pediatric patients with R\/R B-cell ALL treated with blinatumomab, the median RFS and OS from retrospective analyses and country\/ethnicity-specific studies were comparable with the median RFS and OS from the pivotal study MT-103-205. The median RFS and OS from RWE studies in adults with R\/R B-cell ALL were numerically longer than the median RFS and OS from pivotal studies (MT-103-211, TOWER, and ALCANTARA); however, this trend was not observed in pediatric patients with R\/R B-cell ALL. In conclusion, this analysis identified first salvage adults with Ph-negative R\/R B-cell ALL as particularly well-suited for treatment with blinatumomab since survival outcomes from retrospective analyses reported in this patient subgroup were numerically better compared with those from pivotal studies without additional safety signals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20406207231201454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T06:23:41Z","timestamp":1696832621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Survival outcomes in patients with relapsed\/refractory or MRD-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with blinatumomab"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1908-3307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagop M.","family":"Kantarjian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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