{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:05:52Z","timestamp":1777878352663,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Hematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with \u03b2-thalassemia major remain at risk for endothelial dysfunction and cardiac injury due to iron overload, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, even with iron-chelation therapy. Assessing vascular and cardiac serum biomarkers provides a practical tool to understand disease mechanisms and guide management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to identify reliable diagnostic markers for endothelial dysfunction in \u03b2-thalassemia major patients, a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case\u2013control, cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum markers of endothelial dysfunction and cardiac damage, along with lipid profiles, were assessed. In addition, the expression of genes encoding enzymes related to cellular antioxidant defense and ferroptosis was evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty transfusion-dependent \u03b2-thalassemia major patients on iron-chelation therapy and 20 healthy controls participated in the study. Significant differences among control, splenectomized, and non-splenectomized \u03b2-thalassemia groups were observed for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-18, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), but not interleukin-23, interleukin-33, or calprotectin. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed AUCs of 0.991, 0.990, 0.848, and 0.831 for IL-10, ESR, sST2, and sVCAM-1, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Hypertriglyceridemia with decreased low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol was noted in \u03b2-thalassemia groups. The expression of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SLC7A11, KEAP1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">HO-1<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes was elevated, while\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NRF2<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">GPX4<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed no significant change.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">HO-1<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed a significant inverse correlation with HMGB-1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.405,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">KEAP1<\/jats:italic>\n                      was positively correlated with sST2 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.282,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.029), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">GPX4<\/jats:italic>\n                      was correlated with FGF21 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.255,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.049); no other significant associations were found.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u03b2-thalassemia major patients exhibit significant endothelial and cardiac injury markers, altered lipid profiles, and selective upregulation of antioxidant and ferroptosis-related genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20406207261417140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T09:03:25Z","timestamp":1770714205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endothelial dysfunction and cardiac damage indicators in patients with \u03b2-thalassemia major under iron-chelation therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9361-9077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ola M.","family":"Al-Sanabra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8962-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manal A.","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waf\u00e0 J.","family":"Haz\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abeer A.","family":"Haz\u00e0a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkan Laboratory, Zarqa, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0-37682"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97353-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1076029614541515"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13040446"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00306.2023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in thalassemia: mechanisms, implications, and therapeutic potential","volume":"5","author":"Jiskani SA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiskani SA. 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