{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T19:10:40Z","timestamp":1781032240461,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,30]],"date-time":"2011-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The present study reviewed the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of retigabine (ezogabine), a potential agent for use as adjunctive treatment in refractory partial-onset seizures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: A MEDLINE search (1966\u2013May 2011) was conducted using the key words retigabine, ezogabine, D-23129, epilepsy, and anticonvulsant. Bibliographies of all articles retrieved were also reviewed. All studies including humans and published in English with data describing retigabine for the adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Results: Retigabine has been shown to interact with the KCNQ2\/KCNQ3 subunits of the potassium channels, GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors, and weakly block sodium and calcium channels. Retigabine is 50\u201360% bioavailable, metabolized by N-glucuronidation and N-acetylation, 80% protein bound, and has few drug\u2013drug interactions. Recent data suggest that retigabine may have a role as adjunctive treatment for refractory partial-onset seizures. Placebo-controlled trials demonstrated a 23.4\u201344.3% reduction in seizure frequency with 50% responder rates ranging from 23.2% to 47.0% with varying doses of retigabine. The most common adverse effects, occurring in greater than 10% of subjects in the clinical trials, include abnormal gait, confusion, dizziness, fatigue, headache, nausea, somnolence, speech disorder, tremor, urinary tract infection, and blurred vision.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: Retigabine is a promising agent for adjunctive treatment of refractory partial-onset seizures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2040622311421542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,30]],"date-time":"2011-09-30T20:27:26Z","timestamp":1317414446000},"page":"371-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Retigabine (ezogabine) as add-on therapy for partial-onset seizures: an update for clinicians"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Jacklyn A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612054021006"},{"key":"bibr2-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2010.09.001"},{"key":"bibr3-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181fd6170"},{"key":"bibr4-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.0420s5049.x"},{"key":"bibr5-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.12.019"},{"key":"bibr6-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2003.01825.x"},{"key":"bibr7-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00912700222011210"},{"key":"bibr8-2040622311421542","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration (2011) FDA approves Potiga to treat seizures in adults, http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/PressAnnouncements\/ucm258834.htm (accessed 22 June 2011)."},{"key":"bibr9-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182194bd3"},{"key":"bibr10-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2003.12"},{"key":"bibr11-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-003-0558-6"},{"key":"bibr12-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200868140-00001","volume":"68","author":"Landmark C.J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"bibr13-2040622311421542","unstructured":"Lowry F. (2010) Epilepsy drug exogabine gets green light from FDA Advisory Panel, http:\/\/www.medscape.com\/viewarticle\/726809] (accessed 2011 May 11)."},{"key":"bibr14-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(09)70024-6"},{"key":"bibr15-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.2010.492394"},{"key":"bibr16-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2006.11.012"},{"key":"bibr17-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000259034.45049.00"},{"key":"bibr18-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2006.02.004"},{"key":"bibr19-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-008-0053-7"},{"key":"bibr20-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02759.x"},{"key":"bibr21-2040622311421542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/25367"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2040622311421542","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2040622311421542","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2040622311421542","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:16:49Z","timestamp":1777591009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2040622311421542"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,30]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2040622311421542"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2040622311421542","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-6223","2040-6231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-6223","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-6231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,30]]}}}