{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:06:25Z","timestamp":1777878385991,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81670020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81670020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to describe the imaging features of na\u00efve asthma patients, defined as not receiving corticosteroids or other asthma medications for at least 1 month, and their association with therapeutic response, and to discover novel unbiased imaging phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 109 na\u00efve asthma patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Clinical data and imaging indices of high-resolution computed tomography were collected. The correlation between imaging indices and clinical features was analyzed. Cluster analyses were adopted to determine three novel imaging phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with healthy controls, na\u00efve asthma patients presented higher scores of airway remodeling, bronchiectasis, and mucus plugs. Mean airway wall area (WA)% was inversely correlated with mid-expiratory flow velocity% predicted. The extent score of bronchiectasis was positively correlated with smoking history and significantly increased in the high mucus group. Mucus plugs were related to improving lung function and type 2 (T2) inflammation, as assessed by sputum and blood eosinophils and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. Cluster 1 patients had a high proportion of emphysema, the best lung function, and the lowest T2 inflammation; cluster 2 patients had severe airway remodeling, relatively good lung function, and moderate T2 inflammation; cluster 3 patients had severe airway remodeling, mucus plugs, and bronchiectasis, and showed the worst lung function and highest T2 inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Na\u00efve asthma patients had the imaging traits of airway remodeling, bronchiectasis, and mucus plugs. The unbiased imaging phenotypes had good consistency with clinical characteristics, therapeutic response, and T2 inflammation expression in na\u00efve asthma patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223221084831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T06:41:52Z","timestamp":1647931312000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Novel imaging phenotypes of na\u00efve asthma patients with distinctive clinical characteristics and T2 inflammation traits"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6006-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinhan","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chongsheng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengding","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Renz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Marburg, Germany"},{"name":"Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiansheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8910-0785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiongjie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4052-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jie Fang Ave., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20406223221084831","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention, 2019 https:\/\/ginasthma.org\/ (accessed 21 August 2019)."},{"key":"bibr2-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61452-X"},{"key":"bibr3-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2678"},{"key":"bibr4-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.136374"},{"key":"bibr5-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02052.x"},{"key":"bibr6-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01507-2016"},{"key":"bibr7-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0265"},{"key":"bibr8-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0174"},{"key":"bibr9-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770903.2016.1167903"},{"key":"bibr10-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI95693"},{"key":"bibr11-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.02.403"},{"key":"bibr12-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2020.106013"},{"key":"bibr13-20406223221084831","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention, 2014 https:\/\/ginasthma.org\/ (accessed 14 October 2014)."},{"key":"bibr14-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31767-7"},{"key":"bibr15-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31222-9"},{"key":"bibr16-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-2457"},{"key":"bibr17-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-2779"},{"key":"bibr18-20406223221084831","first-page":"44","volume":"2011","author":"Perera P","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bronchiectasis. European Respiratory Monograph"},{"key":"bibr19-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S104484"},{"key":"bibr20-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.09.039"},{"key":"bibr21-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2018.10.5.503"},{"key":"bibr22-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06050"},{"key":"bibr23-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00188-2021"},{"key":"bibr24-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201910-1981LE"},{"key":"bibr25-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1106955"},{"key":"bibr26-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2011.03.100180"},{"key":"bibr27-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31147-X"},{"key":"bibr28-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2018-000377"},{"key":"bibr29-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000507228"},{"key":"bibr30-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12382"},{"key":"bibr31-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229238"},{"key":"bibr32-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.02.001"},{"key":"bibr33-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.11.053"},{"key":"bibr34-20406223221084831","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5913-1"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20406223221084831","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20406223221084831","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20406223221084831","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:18:58Z","timestamp":1777591138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20406223221084831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20406223221084831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20406223221084831","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-6223","2040-6231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-6223","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-6231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"article-number":"20406223221084831"}}