{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:06:23Z","timestamp":1777878383309,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["No.2021-I2M-1-059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2021-I2M-1-059"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFC0901500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC0901500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82073450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was reported to be the third most used monotherapy in livedoid vasculopathy (LV). There is currently a lack of randomized controlled clinical trials and no standardized therapeutic regimen for IVIG therapy in LV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of IVIG in treating patients with LV using PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty LV patients from 17 articles were included, receiving IVIG therapy at a dose of 1\u20132.1\u2009g\/kg body weight every 4\u2009weeks. The effective rate of IVIG therapy in LV patients was 95% (76\/80) in published studies, showing a good clinical response for resolution of pain, skin ulcerations, and neurological symptoms, and reducing the dependence on glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents. IVIG therapy was well tolerated, and no severe adverse events were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, to a certain degree, IVIG is probably a safe and effective treatment alternative for refractory LV patients, which still need to be confirmed by large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223221097331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:46:30Z","timestamp":1653266790000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin for treating refractory livedoid vasculopathy: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3717-224X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yimeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongzhong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.06.030"},{"key":"bibr2-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.4374"},{"key":"bibr3-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxx039"},{"key":"bibr4-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-5003-1"},{"key":"bibr5-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3662"},{"key":"bibr6-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.05.039"},{"key":"bibr7-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04755.x"},{"key":"bibr8-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000024199"},{"key":"bibr9-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001"},{"key":"bibr10-20406223221097331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15639"},{"key":"bibr11-20406223221097331","first-page":"404","volume":"18","author":"Amital 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