{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T02:52:47Z","timestamp":1787971967600,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"The National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NIH R61 AT01218"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH R61 AT01218"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The HEAD Foundation, Singapore"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions are growing in popularity as possible treatments for long COVID symptoms. However, comprehensive analysis of current evidence in this setting is still lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to review existing published studies on the use of CAM interventions for patients experiencing long COVID through a systematic review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed in multiple databases and clinical trial registries from September 2019 to January 2023. RCTs evaluating efficacy and safety of CAM for long COVID were included. Methodological quality of each included trial was appraised with the Cochrane \u2018risk of bias\u2019 tool. A qualitative analysis was conducted due to heterogeneity of included studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 14 RCTs with 1195 participants were included in this review. Study findings demonstrated that CAM interventions could benefit patients with long COVID, especially those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders, olfactory dysfunction, cognitive impairment, fatigue, breathlessness, and mild-to-moderate lung fibrosis. The main interventions reported were self-administered transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, neuro-meditation, dietary supplements, olfactory training, aromatherapy, inspiratory muscle training, concurrent training, and an online breathing and well-being program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CAM interventions may be effective, safe, and acceptable to patients with symptoms of long COVID. However, the findings from this systematic review should be interpreted with caution due to various methodological limitations. More rigorous trials focused on CAM for long COVID are warranted in the future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223231204727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T01:56:42Z","timestamp":1697075802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Complementary and alternative medicine for long COVID: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0850-679X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kia Hui","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kia Teng","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey T.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arya B.","family":"Mohabbat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietlind L.","family":"Wahner-Roedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravindra","family":"Ganesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent A.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20406223231204727","unstructured":"WHO. WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard, https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/ (2022, accessed 29 December 2022)."},{"key":"bibr2-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac136"},{"key":"bibr3-20406223231204727","unstructured":"CDC. Long COVID or post-COVID conditions, https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/long-term-effects\/index.html (2022, accessed 8 March 2023)."},{"key":"bibr4-20406223231204727","first-page":"1891","volume":"29","author":"Mantovani A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"bibr5-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.12.05014"},{"key":"bibr6-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15634"},{"key":"bibr7-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21641846.2022.2124064"},{"key":"bibr8-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGPO.2021.0178"},{"key":"bibr9-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000517255"},{"key":"bibr10-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2021.102148"},{"key":"bibr11-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.12.009"},{"key":"bibr12-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2021.05.004"},{"key":"bibr13-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7303393"},{"key":"bibr14-20406223231204727","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2022.100842"},{"key":"bibr15-20406223231204727","unstructured":"Cochrane. 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COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19, https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng188 (2021, accessed 8 March 2023)."}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20406223231204727","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20406223231204727","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20406223231204727","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T23:19:49Z","timestamp":1777591189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20406223231204727"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20406223231204727"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20406223231204727","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-6223","2040-6231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-6223","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-6231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"article-number":"20406223231204727"}}