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The process of micropatterning has been shown to improve osteointegration in polymers, but there are few reports surrounding ceramics. The purpose of this study was to establish a co-culture of bone marrow\u2013derived mesenchymal stromal cells with osteoclast progenitor cells and to observe the response to micropatterned zirconia toughened alumina ceramics with 30 \u00b5m diameter pits. The aim was to establish whether the pits were specifically bioactive towards osteogenesis or were generally bioactive and would also stimulate osteoclastogenesis that could potentially lead to osteolysis. We demonstrate specific bioactivity of micropatterns towards osteogenesis, with more nodule formation and less osteoclastogenesis compared to planar controls. In addition, we found that that macrophage and osteoclast-like cells did not interact with the pits and formed fewer full-size osteoclast-like cells on the pitted surfaces. This may have a role when designing ceramic orthopaedic implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2041731414552114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]],"date-time":"2014-09-23T01:02:37Z","timestamp":1411434157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Scanning electron microscopical observation of an osteoblast\/osteoclast co-culture on micropatterned orthopaedic ceramics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mansur","family":"Halai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Ker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Molecular, Cell 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