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The success of a decellularized trachea is expression of a balanced approach in cells removal while preserving the extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture\/mechanical properties. Revising the literature, many Authors report about different methods for acellular tracheal ECMs development; however, only few of them verified the devices effectiveness by an orthotopic implant in animal models of disease. To support translational medicine in this field, here we provide a systematic review on studies recurring to decellularized\/bioengineered tracheas implantation. After describing the specific methodological aspects, orthotopic implant results are verified. Furtherly, the only three clinical cases of compassionate use of tissue engineered tracheas are reported with a focus on outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20417314231151826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T01:00:20Z","timestamp":1677978020000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Preclinical and clinical orthotopic transplantation of decellularized\/engineered tracheal scaffolds: A systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Stocco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy"},{"name":"L.i.f.e.L.a.b. 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