{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:20:37Z","timestamp":1777879237445,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]],"date-time":"2017-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493078400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The indication for screening for valvular heart disease in patients taking cabergoline is based on evidence from patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease on high-dose medication. However, current patients take much lower doses for indications such as hyperprolactinaemia disorders. Contemporary guidelines for echocardiogram monitoring in patients taking cabergoline are conflicting. This study aimed to review current clinical practice in our area regarding echocardiographic screening and to review the literature examining the evidence of valvular heart disease in patients taking lower dose cabergoline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective study of all patients with hyperprolactinaemia disorders prescribed cabergoline in a single UK NHS health board between January 2014 and July 2015. The proportion of patients receiving baseline and follow-up echocardiograms was recorded. A review of the published literature was carried out using the databases EMBASE and Medline to examine the current evidence for the effect cabergoline has on cardiac valves in patients treated for hyperprolactinaemia disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age was 51.7 \u00b1 16.5 years with a 64.4% female predominance. The mean duration of therapy was 5.9 years \u00b1 4.1 years. Of the total cohort ( n = 45), two (4.4%) patients had an initial baseline echocardiogram and five (13.2%) had follow-up echocardiograms every 24 months. Of the 25 articles identified, 12 showed no clinically significant evidence of valvular dysfunction in the cabergoline group groups. Of the remaining 13 articles, evidence for valvular changes was confined to high cumulative dose cabergoline patients and there was only one confirmed case of \u2018cabergoline associated valvulopathy\u2019 described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinically significant valvular dysfunction is uncommon and generally only reported in high cumulative dose treatment groups. We propose that clearer national guidelines are required and that echocardiogram screening be reserved for patients who are high risk, are taking a high weekly dose (\u22652 mg cabergoline weekly) or high cumulative dose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098617703647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,26]],"date-time":"2017-04-26T02:27:36Z","timestamp":1493173656000},"page":"215-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Screening for valve disease in patients with hyperprolactinaemia disorders prescribed cabergoline: a service evaluation and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Gamble","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Highland Medicine Information, Pharmacy Department, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roderick","family":"Harvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raigmore Hospital, NHS Highland, Old Perth Road, Inverness, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Farman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raigmore Hospital, NHS Highland, Old Perth Road, Inverness, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Cantley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raigmore Hospital, NHS Highland, Old Perth Road, Inverness, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Leslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Unit, Raigmore Hospital, NHS Highland, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3UJ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0213"},{"key":"bibr2-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054830"},{"key":"bibr3-2042098617703647","unstructured":"Manufacturers Summary of Product Characteristics. Dostinex Tablets (cabergoline). Electronic Medicines Compendium. Pfizer Limited (last updated 29 April 2016)."},{"key":"bibr4-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.039883"},{"key":"bibr5-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062222"},{"key":"bibr6-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03458.x"},{"key":"bibr7-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70212-8"},{"key":"bibr8-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125315626345"},{"key":"bibr9-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2254"},{"key":"bibr10-2042098617703647","volume-title":"British National Formulary","author":"Joint Formulary Committee","year":"2014","edition":"67"},{"key":"bibr11-2042098617703647","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration. Guidance document - DOSTINEX cabergoline tablets. Reference ID: 2975239. July 2011. Accessed 2\/9\/2016."},{"key":"bibr12-2042098617703647","unstructured":"Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Public Assessment Report - Cabergoline 0.5, 1, 2 & 4mg Tablets. Reference ID: UK\/H\/955\/1-4\/DC. August 2007. (accessed 2\/9\/2016)."},{"key":"bibr13-2042098617703647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1692"},{"key":"bibr14-2042098617703647","unstructured":"Snyder PJ. Management of hyperprolactinaemia. Adverse effects \u2013 valvular heart disease. UpToDate guidance document. Oct 2016. 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