{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:31:36Z","timestamp":1791304296097,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Thou Flourish Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Job-related stress and its extreme form, burnout, continue to affect almost half of all frontline healthcare workers and first responders. Current treatments are inadequate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate a model of ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) delivered in a group format to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, and burnout via repeated measures of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, PTSD Checklist (PCL)-5, and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort analysis of KAP\u2019s effect on GAD-7-item scale, PHQ-9-item scale, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and MBI. GAD-7, PHQ-9, and PCL-5 were administered prior to the first group meeting, on the last group date, and 2\u2009weeks after the completion of the final session. MBI was measured twice, as a pre- and post-intervention test. Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ-30) was collected at each integration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were recruited via self-referrals and professional collaborations. Participants were screened into groups of six after completing a medical evaluation to rule out contraindications. The seven-week program included three ketamine sessions and four group psychotherapy sessions. Descriptive statistics of the cohort, pre- and post-KAP measurement comparisons, regression modeling, and visualizations were prepared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Median age was 41\u2009years (24\u201360), 44% female, and 3% transgender. Participants were 97% White and 3% Hispanic. Many were receiving treatment for depression (59%), anxiety (50%), PTSD (34%), addictive disorders (37%), and other behavioral health conditions (37%). Median pre- versus post-KAP scores for GAD-7 (9.5 vs 6,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), PHQ-9 (12 vs 5,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), PCL-5 (27 vs 10,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and all three subcomponents of MBI were improved. The last value of MEQ-30 (75 vs 105,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) was higher than the first.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>KAP in group settings may offer a rapid reduction in depression, anxiety, and trauma-related symptoms. Adverse events were rare. This psychedelically oriented treatment model may represent a viable intervention for epidemic job-related stress in the healthcare workplace and larger controlled studies are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20451253251383415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T09:03:35Z","timestamp":1760432615000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Treating job-related stress with psychedelic group therapy: a case series on group ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for healthcare workers and first responders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Luke","family":"Flynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1746-7462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Krsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora CO 80045-2581, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Rondeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doreen","family":"Horan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Forstner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Shannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wholeness Center, Integrative and Mental Health Clinic, Fort Collins, CO, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.100879"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.16097"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2020.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-1152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.12900"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116715"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881117714049"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16245147"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2017.1312643"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-42925-0_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540261.2020.1854194"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","article-title":"Ketamine: catalyst for paradigm change in mental health","author":"Shannon S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shannon S. 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