{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:13:39Z","timestamp":1788178419624,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Knowledge"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to conduct a clinical validation of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis \u201cImpaired spiritual well being (00454)\u201d in Patients with Infertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional, case-based design study conducted among patients with infertility at treatment centers affiliated with a University of Medical Sciences. To validate the nursing diagnosis, the Clinical Validation Model developed by Richard Fehring was utilized. Data were collected using a five-part instrument: Demographic information, Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire (SWBQ), Patient's self-assessment, Researcher's assessment, Defining Characteristics Checklist. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as sensitivity,specificity,likelihood ratio, and predictive value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 170 patients with infertility participated in this study. The nursing diagnosis of \u201c Impaired spiritual well being \u201c was identified in 87.6% of all participants. The characteristic \u201closs of hope\u201d had the highest sensitivity (94.6%), the lowest negative likelihood ratio (0.11%), and the highest negative predictive value (55%), with a frequency of 94.6%. Conversely, the defining characteristic \u201canger toward a power greater than self\u201d had the highest specificity (90.47%), the highest positive likelihood ratio (9.01%), and the highest positive predictive value (97.7%), with a frequency of 85.9%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u201closs of hope\u201d and \u201canger toward a power greater than self\u201d emerged as key indicators of \u201cImpaired spiritual well being\u201d within this patient group. The nursing diagnosis was validated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for Nursing Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study emphasizes the importance of assessing the spiritual well-being of infertility patients alongside their physical health. By addressing these spiritual needs, nurses can formulate an appropriate care plan and deliver optimal interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20473087261443253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T13:43:01Z","timestamp":1780321381000},"page":"283-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Validation of the Defining Characteristics of the Nursing Diagnosis \u201cImpaired Spiritual Well Being (00454)\u201d in Patients with Infertility"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Alireza","family":"Alimohammadiha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fateme","family":"Eshghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sedighe","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahimeh","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Zandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","first-page":"160","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the prevalence and etiology of infertility in Iran","volume":"17","author":"Abangah G.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abangah G., Rashidian T., Nasirkandy M. 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