{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:43:22Z","timestamp":1792629802879,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Knowledge"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Theory analysis is a vital tool for the development, refinement, and application of theoretical knowledge in the nursing profession. This scoping review aimed to map the methods used, examine the style of reporting analytical stages, and assess the level of execution compliance with claimed methods in the nursing literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted as a scoping review following the five-stage framework of Arksey and O\u2019Malley. The search strategy was developed using the keywords: Theory analysis, Nursing theory and theory development. articles published between 2015 and 2025 were retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 831 articles were initially identified. After applying inclusion\/exclusion criteria and content screening relevant to the study's aim, 12 studies were ultimately included. No eligible Persian-language studies using an explicit nursing theory analysis framework were identified during the review period. Data were extracted focusing on the claimed theory analysis method, reporting characteristics (including clarity of aim and stages), and the level of methodological compliance, and analyzed descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The findings demonstrated that the frameworks developed by Walker and Avant, Fawcett, and Afaf Meleis were the\n                      <jats:underline>only<\/jats:underline>\n                      theory analysis frameworks identified among the included studies. In most studies, the analytical aim and key stages of the selected framework were explicitly reported, and methodological congruence was observed between the claimed theory analysis method and the procedures reported. In some studies, the analytical framework was presented in an integrated or narrative manner within the text rather than in a separate section. However, when the analytical stages were clearly reported and traceable, this presentation style did not preclude the identification of methodological congruence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The predominance of structured frameworks underscores the importance of established approaches in theory analysis. However, greater transparency is needed, particularly when analytical procedures are not presented in a clearly structured manner. Selection of a theory analysis method should be deliberate and aligned with the purpose of the analysis to strengthen methodological credibility and reproducibility in nursing knowledge production.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20473087261489308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:33:32Z","timestamp":1790771612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Methods of Nursing Theory Analysis: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3936-9150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maedeh","family":"MortezaNasab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student of Nursing, Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farahnaz","family":"Mohammadi-Shahboulaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor of Nursing, Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","volume-title":"Review on successful nursing interventions in sexual education in adolescents","author":"Arriagada C. S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arriagada C. S., Gonz\u00e1lez F. Z., Aros S. P., Ailef Y. R., Aros R. S., Ar\u00e9valo L. P. (2023). Review on successful nursing interventions in sexual education in adolescents. Cuidados Humanizados.;12(2)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12707\/RIV18015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-220x-reeusp-2022-0054en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894318420920602"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"Nursing care centers in psychosocial care","volume":"13","author":"da Silva Cavalcanti P. C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"da Silva Cavalcanti P. C., de Oliveira R. M. P., Caccavo P. V., Porto I. S. (2014). Nursing care centers in psychosocial care. Cienc Cuid Saude, 13(1), 111\u2013119.","journal-title":"Cienc Cuid Saude"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894318405274823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","volume-title":"Contemporary nursing knowledge: Analysis and evaluation of nursing models and theories","author":"Fawcett J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fawcett J., DeSanto-Madeya S. (2012). Contemporary nursing knowledge: Analysis and evaluation of nursing models and theories: Fa Davis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-265x-tce-2020-0010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANS.0000000000000422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733021999767"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2017-0160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANS.0000000000000141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2020.102911"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/1541-6577.30.1.26"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12256"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANS.0000000000000347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","volume-title":"Theoretical basis for nursing","author":"McEwan M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"McEwan M., Wills E. M. (2021). Theoretical basis for nursing. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","volume-title":"Theoretical nursing: Development and progress","author":"Meleis A. I.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meleis A. I. (2011). Theoretical nursing: Development and progress. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","volume-title":"Theoretical nursing: Development and progress","author":"Meleis A. I.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meleis A. I. (2018). Theoretical nursing: Development and progress. Wolters Kluwer."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","article-title":"Meanings of nursing professionals\u2019 experiences in the context of the pandemic of COVID-19","volume":"22","author":"Nasi C.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nasi C., Marcheti P. M., de Oliveira E., de Almeida Rezio L., Zerbetto S. R., Queiroz A. M., et al. (2021). Meanings of nursing professionals\u2019 experiences in the context of the pandemic of COVID-19. Rev Rene, 22(1), Article e67933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15253\/2175-6783.20212267933","journal-title":"Rev Rene"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","first-page":"678","article-title":"Meleis\u2019 nursing theories evaluation: Integrative review","volume":"50","author":"Ramalho Neto J. M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ramalho Neto J. M., Marques D. K. A., Fernandes M., N\u00f3brega M. (2016). Meleis\u2019 nursing theories evaluation: Integrative review. Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem, 50(4), 678\u2013685.","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894318420943139"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","article-title":"Orem\u2019s general self-care theory according to Meleis\u2019 model for theory analysis","volume":"6","author":"Santos M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Santos M., Bittencourt G., Beserra P., N\u00f3brega M. (2022). Orem\u2019s general self-care theory according to Meleis\u2019 model for theory analysis. Revista de Enfermagem Refer\u00eancia, 6(1), e21047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12707\/RV21047","journal-title":"Revista de Enfermagem Refer\u00eancia"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2015.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61186\/unmf.21.2.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","unstructured":"Walker L. O. Avant K. C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (4th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","volume-title":"Analysis and evaluation of the moral distress theory. Nursing forum","author":"Wilson M. A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wilson M. A. (Ed). (2018). Analysis and evaluation of the moral distress theory. Nursing forum. Wiley Online Library."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/1078-4535.23.1.13"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Nursing Knowledge"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20473087261489308","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20473087261489308","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20473087261489308","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:11:13Z","timestamp":1792627873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20473087261489308"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20473087261489308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20473087261489308","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-3087","2047-3095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-3087","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-3095","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"article-number":"20473087261489308"}}