{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T02:05:02Z","timestamp":1762999502354},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Social Affairs of the Belgian government"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiac arrest is a common complication of ST elevation myocardial infarction and is associated with high mortality. We evaluated whether vulnerability to cardiac arrest follows a circadian rhythm and whether it is related to specific patient characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 24,164 ST elevation myocardial infarction patients who were admitted to 60 Belgian hospitals between 2008\u20132017 were analysed. The proportion of patients with cardiac arrest before initiation of reperfusion therapy was calculated for different time periods (hour of the day, months, seasons) and related to patient characteristics using stepwise logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiac arrest occurred in 10.8% of the ST elevation myocardial infarction patients at a median of 65 min (interquartile range 33\u2013138 min) after onset of pain. ST elevation myocardial infarction patients with cardiac arrest showed a biphasic pattern with one peak in the morning and one peak in the late afternoon. Multivariate analysis identified the following independent factors associated with cardiac arrest: cardiogenic shock (odds ratio=28), left bundle branch block (odds ratio=3.7), short (&amp;lt;180 min) ischaemic period (odds ratio=2.2), post-meridiem daytime presentation (odds ratio=1.4), anterior infarction (odds ratio=1.3). Overall in-hospital mortality was 30% for cardiac arrest patients versus 3.7% for non-cardiac arrest patients (p&amp;lt;0.0001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the present study population, cardiac arrest in ST elevation myocardial infarction showed an atypical circadian rhythm with not only a morning peak but also a second peak in the late afternoon, suggesting that cardiac arrest and ST elevation myocardial infarction triggers are, at least partially, different. In addition, specific patient characteristics, such as short ischaemic period, cardiogenic shock and left bundle branch block, increase the vulnerability to cardiac arrest.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872619872127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,27]],"date-time":"2019-08-27T09:27:39Z","timestamp":1566898059000},"page":"S153-S160","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vulnerability to cardiac arrest in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction: Is it time or patient dependent? Results from a nationwide observational study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mahadi","family":"Salah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"Gevaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Coussement","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, AZ Brugge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Beauloye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, UCL Louvain, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter R","family":"Sinnaeve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, UZ Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Convens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, ZNA Antwerpen, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"De Raedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, OLV Ziekenhuis Aalst, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Dens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, ZOL Genk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Pourbaix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, CHR Citadelle, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Saenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc J","family":"Claeys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr1-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908610","article-title":"Population trends in the incidence and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"362","author":"Yeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr2-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005874","article-title":"Five-year survival in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction according to modalities of reperfusion therapy: The French Registry on Acute ST-Elevation and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI) 2005 cohort","volume":"129","author":"Danchin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr3-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx515","article-title":"Improved outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction during the last 20 years are related to implementation of evidence-based treatments: Experiences from the SWEDEHEART registry 1995\u20132014","volume":"38","author":"Szummer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr4-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.57","article-title":"Contemporary mortality differences between primary percutaneous coronary intervention and thrombolysis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"171","author":"Claeys","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr5-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3849","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.11.3849","article-title":"Population versus clinical view of case fatality from acute coronary heart disease: Results from the WHO MONICA Project 1985\u20131990. Multinational MONItoring of Trends and Determinants in CArdiovascular Disease","volume":"96","author":"Chambless","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr6-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009711","article-title":"Recent trends in survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States","volume":"130","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr7-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl218","article-title":"Risk factors for primary ventricular fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Gheeraert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr8-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128526","article-title":"Circadian dependence of infarct size and acute heart failure in ST elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"10","author":"Seneviratna","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr9-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110033251402","article-title":"Circadian variation in vascular tone and its relation to alpha-sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity","volume":"325","author":"Panza","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr10-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198511213132103","article-title":"Circadian variation in the frequency of onset of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"313","author":"Muller","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr11-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht453","article-title":"Incidence of sudden cardiac death after ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction: A 5-year cause-of-death analysis of the FAST-MI 2005 registry","volume":"35","author":"Bougouin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr12-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001399","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of ventricular fibrillation before primary angioplasty in patients with first ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A nationwide study in Denmark","volume":"4","author":"Jabbari","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr13-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2012.10.006","article-title":"Primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and cardiogenic shock: The role of primary multivessel revascularization","volume":"6","author":"Mylotte","year":"2013","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr14-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872614547448","article-title":"Impact of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction admitted for primary percutaneous coronary intervention: Impact of ventricular fibrillation in STEMI patients","volume":"4","author":"Demirel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr15-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.118.007081","article-title":"Incidence, mortality, and outcome-predictors of sudden cardiac arrest complicating myocardial infarction prior to hospital admission","volume":"12","author":"Karam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr16-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00182.x","article-title":"Different trends of changes in heart rate variability in patients with anterior and inferior acute myocardial infarction","volume":"21","author":"Pitzalis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr17-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20034","article-title":"Left bundle-branch block\u2013pathophysiology, prognosis, and clinical management","volume":"30","author":"Francia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr18-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.033","article-title":"Prodromal angina limits infarct size in the setting of acute anterior myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous intervention","volume":"45","author":"Ottani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr19-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20435","article-title":"Statins as anti-arrhythmics: A systematic review part II: Effects on risk of ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"32","author":"Abuissa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr20-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-1139","article-title":"Cardioprotective effects of pravastatin against lethal ventricular arrhythmias induced by reperfusion in the rat heart","volume":"75","author":"Thuc","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr21-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000079602.14851.EB","article-title":"Ventricular fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction in Spanish patients: Results of the ARIAM database","volume":"31","author":"Ruiz-Bailen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr22-2048872619872127","first-page":"207","article-title":"Effect of autonomic nervous system dysfunction on sudden death in ischemic patients with anginal syndrome died during electrocardiographic monitoring in intensive care unit","volume":"73","author":"Passariello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr23-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.15.1978","article-title":"Predicting sudden death in the population: The Paris Prospective Study I","volume":"99","author":"Jouven","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr24-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.624593","article-title":"Family history and the risk of sudden cardiac death as a manifestation of an acute coronary event","volume":"114","author":"Kaikkonen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr25-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.606145","article-title":"Familial sudden death is an important risk factor for primary ventricular fibrillation: A case-control study in acute myocardial infarction patients","volume":"114","author":"Dekker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021020117071222400_bibr26-2048872619872127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872614534079","article-title":"Outcomes following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the setting of cardiac arrest: A registry database study","volume":"4","author":"Kunadian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal. Acute Cardiovascular Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2048872619872127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2048872619872127","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjacc\/article-pdf\/9\/4_suppl\/S153\/36165971\/ehjaccs153.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjacc\/article-pdf\/9\/4_suppl\/S153\/36165971\/ehjaccs153.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:19:38Z","timestamp":1618877978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjacc\/article\/9\/4_suppl\/S153-S160\/6125606"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4_suppl","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2048872619872127","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-8734","2048-8726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-8734","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2048-8726","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]}}}