{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:55:33Z","timestamp":1777463733531,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597104000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Bone metastasis is a complication of various cancers causing severe pain. The current modalities for the treatment of metastatic axial pain include pharmacological, surgical and vertebral augmentation techniques, each of which has its own challenges. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF), thermal radiofrequency (RF) and steroids on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in patients with thoracic axial pain due to vertebral metastasis. Methods: In this randomized controlled prospective study, 140 patients were assessed for eligibility, of which only 69 fulfilled the criteria. Patients were randomly divided into three equal groups, PRF, RF and steroid. Results: During the assessment of pain using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Opioid consumption using oral Morphine Equivalence (OME) and Analgesic Quantification Algorithm (AQA) \u2013 at baseline, 1\u2009week, 1 month and 3\u2009months \u2013 81 patients were assessed for final eligibility, of which 12 were excluded before intervention due to drop-out. The remaining 69 were randomized (mean age: 53.87\u2009\u00b1\u200910.55, 55.78\u2009\u00b1\u20097.34 and 59.39\u2009\u00b1\u200913.72) for PRF, RF and steroid, respectively with no statistical difference. VAS% and ODI% decreased significantly at 3\u2009months in RF group ( p\u2009&lt;0.001, 0.014, respectively), as did the AQA ( p\u2009&lt;0.027). Steroid group was the worst. Discussion: RF on DRG is the main stay for controlling intractable metastatic pain. PRF is a good alternative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463720942538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]],"date-time":"2020-08-11T05:42:42Z","timestamp":1597124562000},"page":"270-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Randomized controlled trials between dorsal root ganglion thermal radiofrequency, pulsed radiofrequency and steroids for the management of intractable metastatic back pain in thoracic vertebral body"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8051-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherry Nabil","family":"Fanous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, ICU and Pain Management, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emad Gerges","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, ICU and Pain Management, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekramy Mansour","family":"Abd Elghafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, ICU and Pain Management, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossam Zarif","family":"Ghobrial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, ICU and Pain Management, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2049463720942538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0931"},{"key":"bibr2-2049463720942538","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. 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