{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:45:44Z","timestamp":1782513944922,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Pain"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pressure pain threshold (PPT) testing is a widely used quantitative sensory testing method to assess mechanical pain sensitivity. While reference values for PPT at articular-\/joint-related and osseous landmarks are available, data on measurement reliability remain limited. This study aimed to determine the intra- and inter-rater reliability of PPT measurements and to report the standard error of measurement (SEM) for joint PPT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Healthy participants aged 18\u201340\u00a0years were included in a two-part study. In Part A (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 40), intra-rater reliability was assessed through three repeated PPT measurements by the same examiner. In Part B (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 40), inter-rater reliability was evaluated with two different examiners. PPT was measured at joints (elbow, knee, ankle) and reference landmarks (sternum, forehead) using a digital algometer. ICCs (2,k model) and SEM were calculated for each landmark.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intra-rater reliability was excellent at all landmarks (ICCs \u2265 0.926) except the elbow with a good reliability (ICC = 0.848). Inter-rater reliability was excellent at the sternum (ICC = 0.950) and good at the ankle, knee, elbow, and forehead (ICCs \u2265 0.813). SEM values varied across landmarks, with lowest values observed at reference landmarks sites (e.g., sternum and forehead). ICCs are similar between sexes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PPT measurements at articular (joints) and bony reference landmarks show good to excellent reliability. These findings support the use of joint PPT in standardized pain sensitivity assessments and provide a basis for clinical and research applications. However, findings are limited to pain-free participants and should be replicated in broader populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20494637261463704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T13:26:07Z","timestamp":1782307567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reliability and standard error of measurement of pressure pain thresholds at articular landmarks"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1738-4891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Tomschi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wuppertal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0935-2526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Hilberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wuppertal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00482-015-0093-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2021.2023929"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2025.103390"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001603"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20494637231196647"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","first-page":"105381272614489","article-title":"Effects of whole-body strength training on pain and strength in chronic low back pain. 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