{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:33:51Z","timestamp":1792704831242,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite the availability of both effective preventive vaccines and oral antivirals, over 250\u2009million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Globally, chronic hepatitis B is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma, which represents the third cause of cancer mortality, accounting for nearly 1\u2009million annual deaths. Current oral nucleos(t)ide therapy with tenofovir or entecavir suppresses serum HBV-DNA in most treated patients, but rarely is accompanied by HBsAg loss. Thus, treatment has to be given lifelong to prevent viral rebound. A broad spectrum of antivirals that block the HBV life cycle at different steps are in clinical development, including entry inhibitors, cccDNA disrupters\/silencers, translation inhibitors, capsid assembly modulators, polymerase inhibitors and secretion inhibitors. Some of them exhibit higher potency than current oral nucleos(t)ides. Drugs in more advanced stages of clinical development are bulevirtide, JNJ-6379, ABI-H0731, ARO-HBV and REP-2139. To date, only treatment with ARO-HBV and with REP-2139 have resulted in HBsAg loss in a significant proportion of patients. Combination therapies using distinct antivirals and\/or immune modulators are expected to maximize treatment benefits. The current goal is to achieve a \u2018functional cure\u2019, with sustained serum HBsAg after drug discontinuation. Ultimately, the goal of HBV therapy will be virus eradication, an achievement that would require the elimination of the cccDNA reservoir within infected hepatocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2049936120965027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T11:52:20Z","timestamp":1602762740000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Advances in hepatitis B therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4624-5199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Soriano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIR Health Sciences School and Medical Center, 28040 Madrid, Porto Velho, Madrid 76801-059, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Barreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Cachay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Owen Clinic, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamasundaran","family":"Kottilil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 V.","family":"Fernandez-Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"de Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Puerta de Hierro University Hospital and Research Institute, Majadahonda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2049936120965027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3795"},{"key":"bibr2-2049936120965027","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 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