{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T01:17:11Z","timestamp":1790471831374,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107742\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107742\/Z\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin prick testing (SPT) is an important investigation in the evaluation of allergy to fungal pathogens. However, the background sensitivity to fungal allergens among healthy people in Uganda is unknown. Our aim was to assess the background prevalence of Aspergillus fumigatus SPT positivity in apparently healthy adults without known atopic disease in Uganda.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For this pilot study, we recruited 50 healthy volunteers using convenience sampling, 56% of whom were health workers. We performed the SPT for A. fumigatus according to manufacturer\u2019s instructions. A wheal diameter of \u2a7e3\u2009mm was considered positive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of A. fumigatus skin positivity was 60% (30\/50). Participants with a positive A.\u2009fumigatus SPT were significantly younger than those with a negative result [median age (years): 28 versus 35; p\u2009=\u20090.005].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a high skin positivity against A.\u2009fumigatus among non-atopic healthy Ugandan adults. There is an urgent need to establish a normal wheal cut-off value for this population. SPT alone may be an unreliable test for the diagnosis of A.\u2009fumigatus associated allergic syndromes. More studies are needed to define the prevalence of A.\u2009fumigatus skin positivity among non-atopic healthy population in Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20499361211039040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T18:35:03Z","timestamp":1628793303000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence of\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>\n                    skin positivity in adults without an apparent\/known atopic disease in Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5270-3539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Kwizera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. BOX 22418, Kampala, Central, Uganda,Makerere University Lung Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4515-8517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Bongomin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1289-0111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Olum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Worodria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Division of Pulmonology, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freddie","family":"Bwanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Meya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce J.","family":"Kirenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Makerere University Lung Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, Division of Pulmonology, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Gore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Denning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-7022-4-14"},{"key":"bibr2-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1546750"},{"key":"bibr3-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-017-0500-9"},{"key":"bibr4-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00418-2020"},{"key":"bibr5-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(00)80018-3"},{"key":"bibr6-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216568"},{"key":"bibr7-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12387"},{"key":"bibr8-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myaa018"},{"key":"bibr9-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03782-x"},{"key":"bibr10-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2020.100130"},{"key":"bibr11-20499361211039040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00001011"},{"key":"bibr12-20499361211039040","first-page":"173","volume":"26","author":"Garnacho-Montero 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