{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:29:23Z","timestamp":1792690163591,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recently recognized by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease, Noma, an acute and destructive gangrenous disease affecting the gums and facial structures within the oral cavity, has a high mortality rate if untreated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the prevalence and impact of Noma among internally displaced populations in Northeastern Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study investigates the prevalence and impact of Noma among internally displaced populations in Northeastern Nigeria. Noma is endemic in Northern Nigeria, Africa, and its occurrence has been linked to extreme poverty, malnutrition, poor hygiene, and inadequate healthcare \u2013 conditions exacerbated by the ongoing Boko Haram conflict.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The retrospective descriptive cross-sectional analysis of 17 cases reveals a median age of 8\u2009years, with most of the patients being children who suffer significant social stigmas, such as difficulties in speaking, eating, and social integration, including reduced school attendance and marital prospects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study highlights the urgent need for comprehensive research into the etiology of Noma and its socio-economic impact. It emphasizes the necessity for early and effective intervention strategies, particularly in conflict-stricken areas with limited healthcare access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20499361241261269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T02:31:46Z","timestamp":1718332306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Noma disease among internally displaced persons in Northeast Nigeria: a retrospective descriptive study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mohammed A. S.","family":"Abdullahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad R.","family":"Balarabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Tyndall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural and Environmental Sciences, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faith O.","family":"Alele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrazaq G.","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Bayero University, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9793-8024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oyelola A.","family":"Adegboye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0810, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2023.111845"},{"key":"bibr2-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/IO9.0000000000000027","volume":"62","author":"Mohapatra RK","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surg Open"},{"key":"bibr3-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2023.101215"},{"key":"bibr4-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2014.10.001"},{"key":"bibr5-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0718"},{"key":"bibr6-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00025-2"},{"key":"bibr7-20499361241261269","volume":"15","author":"Galli A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"bibr8-20499361241261269","first-page":"177","volume":"42","author":"Kah HK.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Africa Dev"},{"key":"bibr9-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70015-9"},{"key":"bibr10-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013"},{"key":"bibr11-20499361241261269","volume":"43","author":"Ekezie W","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"},{"key":"bibr12-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00453"},{"key":"bibr13-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-024-00872-z"},{"key":"bibr14-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13031-020-00318-5"},{"key":"bibr15-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/traa061"},{"key":"bibr16-20499361241261269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009844"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20499361241261269","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20499361241261269","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20499361241261269","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:27Z","timestamp":1777593627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20499361241261269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":16,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20499361241261269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20499361241261269","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-9361","2049-937X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-9361","type":"print"},{"value":"2049-937X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"article-number":"20499361241261269"}}