{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:38:09Z","timestamp":1777880289770,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prim Dent J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lichen planus (LP) is a relatively common autoimmune T-cell-mediated disease of unknown aetiology affecting the mucous membranes, skin and nails. Its prevalence varies between 0.5 and 2.2% of the population in epidemiological studies with a peak incidence in the 30\u201360 years range and with a female predominance of 2:1.\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    Mucosal lichen planus tends to follow a chronic course with acute exacerbations. Spontaneous remission of oral lichen planus (OLP) is uncommon, and indeed mucosal LP may become worse with time. In contrast, cutaneous lichen planus may follow a milder clinical course though some variants may be severe such as those affecting the palms and soles and the scalp and the genital tract in females (vulvovaginal gingival LP) where scarring leads to significant complications.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>It is important to identify those cases that may be drug induced or be associated with a contact allergic or irritant reaction (lichenoid reaction) or the rarer oral presentation of discoid lupus erythematosus. There is a very small risk of malignancy (approximately 1:200 patients\/year) associated with oral lichen planus; thus patients should be informed that long term monitoring via their general dental practitioner is appropriate. This review will focus on the clinical presentation and management of oral lichen planus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/205016841600500104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T06:11:52Z","timestamp":1602655912000},"page":"40-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Oral Lichen Planus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Daniela I","family":"Ion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Dental Institute, King's College London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane F","family":"Setterfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reader in Dermatology in Relation to Oral Disease, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, Dental Institute, King's College London, and St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas\u2019 Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2000.00607.x"},{"key":"bibr2-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.12.006"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr3-205016841600500104","first-page":"224","volume":"148","author":"Webber NK","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lacrimal canalicular duct scarring in patients with lichen planus Archives Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr4-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10882.x"},{"key":"bibr5-205016841600500104","first-page":"213","volume":"17","author":"Thom JJ","year":"1988","journal-title":"A prospective follow-up study of 611 patients. J Oral Pathol"},{"key":"bibr6-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.10.024"},{"key":"bibr7-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962010000500010"},{"key":"bibr8-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2008.01441.x"},{"key":"bibr9-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2010.01750.x"},{"key":"bibr10-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06493.x"},{"key":"bibr11-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90349-W"},{"key":"bibr12-205016841600500104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(91)90300-2"}],"container-title":["Primary Dental Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/205016841600500104","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/205016841600500104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:07:05Z","timestamp":1777594025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/205016841600500104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/205016841600500104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/205016841600500104","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-1684","2050-1692"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-1684","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-1692","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}}}