{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:26:48Z","timestamp":1790389608057,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus can cause urinary tract infection. Linezolid possesses antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus but has limited urinary excretion. Minimal data demonstrate efficacy of linezolid for treatment of urinary tract infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main aim of this study is to compare post-treatment outcomes of linezolid to other antibiotics with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus activity in the treatment of urinary tract infection caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort of inpatients within Veterans Health Administration facilities with urinary tract infection caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus was created. Patients with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolated from urine cultures and chart documentation meeting criteria for urinary tract infection were identified. Demographics, comorbidity, treatments, and post-treatment outcomes were extracted from the electronic health record. Outcomes were compared between patients treated with linezolid and alternative antibiotics possessing vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus activity 14\u2009days after treatment completion. Logistic regression adjusted for covariates associated with each outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 4,683 patients with a positive vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus culture, 624 (13%) met criteria for chart review, and 92 (15%) had documentation of urinary tract infection symptoms and treatment. The primary reason for exclusion was asymptomatic bacteriuria (64%). Patients had high Charlson Comorbidity Scores (mean\u2009=\u20098.7; standard deviation (SD)\u2009=\u20093.3), and 70% were located on general medical\/surgical wards on the day of culture collection. Linezolid was prescribed in 54 (59%) cases. No difference between linezolid and comparator antibiotics were observed in re-initiation of antibiotics for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus urinary tract infection (9% and 5% respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.56), (adjusted odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20091.90; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20090.34\u201310.63)), recurrent positive vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus culture (4% and 11%, respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.23), (adjusted OR\u2009=\u20090.36; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.05\u20132.31)), or mortality (7% and 3%, respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.39) (adjusted OR\u2009=\u20092.96; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.37\u201341.39)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most patients with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus identified on urine culture were asymptomatic. Linezolid appears effective as comparator antibiotics for the treatment of mild vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus urinary tract infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312120970743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T06:34:55Z","timestamp":1604471695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Linezolid to treat urinary tract infections caused by vancomycin-resistant\n                    <i>Enterococcus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6675-4409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin Alan","family":"Pontefract","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Ferris State University, Big Rapids, MI, USA"},{"name":"Boise Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, ID, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzette Amy","family":"Rovelsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boise Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, ID, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl Joseph","family":"Madaras-Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boise Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, ID, USA"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Meridian, ID, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2019.296"},{"key":"bibr2-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2015.04.001"},{"key":"bibr3-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1175-6"},{"key":"bibr4-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mic.2000.106904"},{"key":"bibr5-2050312120970743","unstructured":"Zyvox (linezolid) prescribing information\n                      . New York: Pharmacia and Upjohn, 2018."},{"key":"bibr6-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S164515"},{"key":"bibr7-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.30.11.1136"},{"key":"bibr8-2050312120970743","first-page":"217","volume":"8","author":"O'Driscoll T","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"bibr9-2050312120970743","volume-title":"Treatment of enterococcal infections","author":"Murray B"},{"key":"bibr10-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.12.3789-3794.2003"},{"key":"bibr11-2050312120970743","unstructured":"CLSI. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 30th ed. CLSI Supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2020."},{"key":"bibr12-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345744"},{"key":"bibr13-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200342150-00007"},{"key":"bibr14-2050312120970743","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix474"},{"key":"bibr15-2050312120970743","unstructured":"Sivextro (tedizolid) prescribing information\n                      . Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co. Inc. 2016."},{"key":"bibr16-2050312120970743","unstructured":"Doryx (doxycycline hyclate) prescribing information\n                      . Rockaway, NJ: Warner Chilcott, 2008."},{"key":"bibr17-2050312120970743","unstructured":"Minocin (minocycline hydrochloride) prescribing information\n                      . Cincinnati, OH: Patheon Pharmaceuticals."},{"key":"bibr18-2050312120970743","unstructured":"Tygacil (tigecycline) prescribing information\n                      . 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