{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:27:03Z","timestamp":1789050423737,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Ear, Nose, and Throat Department of Samoa is developing a school outreach service, and the aim of this study is to determine the pattern of ear disease among students attending a school for people with disabilities in Samoa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study design is a prospective study of a 2-day outreach visit to a school for people with disabilities by the Samoan Ear, Nose, and Throat team who recorded their clinical findings (N\u2009=\u200928). Two Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialists performed ear examinations for each student and recorded their diagnosis and recommendations as per routine Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic protocols on a purposefully designed form based on the World Health Organization Ear and Hearing Survey. This information was entered into an Excel spreadsheet for descriptive statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results showed that 39% (n\u2009=\u200911) of students passed their initial ear examination, while 61% (n\u2009=\u200917) of students presented with at least one ear condition requiring Ear, Nose, and Throat intervention. The most common pathology was impacted wax (n\u2009=\u200915 ears). Following the Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic outreach visit, 21 students (75%) no longer required Ear, Nose, and Throat or medical services, five students (18%) required a medical prescription for the treatment of ear disease, and two students (7%) were referred to the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department for further review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Students attending schools for people with disabilities are a priority population for the Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinical service outreach programme.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121211060182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T12:10:34Z","timestamp":1638274234000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A preliminary report of the pattern of ear disease among students attending a school for people with disabilities in Samoa"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4035-3236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette","family":"Kaspar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Tupua Tamasese Meaole Hospital, Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa"},{"name":"Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sione","family":"Pifeleti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Tupua Tamasese Meaole Hospital, Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Lifeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Tupua Tamasese Meaole Hospital, Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa"},{"name":"ENT Department, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlie","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20503121211060182","unstructured":"UN. 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