{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:44:36Z","timestamp":1792190676236,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About 50%\u201360% of all cancer cases will require radiotherapy during their treatment. Nonetheless, radiotherapy facilities are limited in low- and middle-income countries and despite high cancer burden in these regions of the world, only 5% have access to radiation therapy. This study identified the location of radiotherapy centers, the types of radiotherapy machines available and the personnel available in each radiotherapy center in Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria from May 2020 to April 2021. A questionnaire having sections on facility profile, status of facility, and human resources, was used to elucidate information for the study. Descriptive statistics (frequency and proportion) were used to describe facilities\u2019 characteristics, status, and human resources available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of nine radiotherapy centers evaluated, the majority 33.3% ( n\u2009=\u20093) were found in the southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Out of 10 equipment and accessories evaluated for availability, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital and University of Benin Teaching Hospital had the highest number of available equipment and accessories 90% ( n\u2009=\u20099) each respectively. Out of the nine centers evaluated, only four centers had at least one functional equipment. The highest number 64.3% ( n\u2009=\u20099) out of the 14 required number of staff in each center was found at University College Hospital. Out of 31 medical physicists identified, the majority 22.6% ( n\u2009=\u20097) was found at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high percentage of radiotherapy centers in Nigeria lacks the equipment and manpower to function optimally and is located within the southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Therefore, proper investment in the radiotherapy service through private\u2013public partnership, staff training, and equipment upgrade and maintenance could substantially improve the state of cancer care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121231153758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T07:09:56Z","timestamp":1675753796000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Radiotherapy services in low resource settings: The situation in Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9504-1283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abidoye Matthew","family":"Akinwande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Radiography and Radiation Science, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Chimuanya","family":"Ugwuanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyacienth Uche","family":"Chiegwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicitas","family":"Idigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Promise","family":"Ogolodom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chidinma Pamela","family":"Anakwenze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Abi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6560-7637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwaponmile","family":"Odukoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20503121231153758","unstructured":"GLOBOCAN. The Global Cancer Observatory \u2013 all cancers. International Agency for Research on Cancer \u2013 WHO, https:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/today\/home (2020)."},{"key":"bibr2-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910540413"},{"key":"bibr3-20503121231153758","unstructured":"IARC. GLOBOCAN Nigeria 2020, https:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/today\/data\/factsheets\/populations\/566-nigeria-fact-sheets.pdf (2021)."},{"key":"bibr4-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1115-1474.121099"},{"key":"bibr5-20503121231153758","volume-title":"World cancer report 2008","author":"Boyle P","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr6-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61152-X"},{"key":"bibr7-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70532-6"},{"key":"bibr8-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2"},{"key":"bibr9-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2020.1097"},{"key":"bibr10-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2012.04.007"},{"key":"bibr11-20503121231153758","volume-title":"Breaking the yok of cancer: an inaugural lecture delivered at the University of Ibadan on March 2016","author":"Campbell OB","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr12-20503121231153758","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctro.2017.05.003"},{"key":"bibr13-20503121231153758","volume-title":"Setting up a radiotherapy programme: clinical, medical physics, radiation protection and safety aspects","author":"IAEA","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20503121231153758","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20503121231153758","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20503121231153758","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:25:01Z","timestamp":1777595101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20503121231153758"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20503121231153758"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20503121231153758","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-3121","2050-3121"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-3121","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-3121","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"article-number":"20503121231153758"}}