{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T20:01:38Z","timestamp":1793995298749,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome is a rare condition that can be potentially life-threatening. Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome does not have a definitive etiological agent. It is a syndrome that can arise from multiple factors, including various infectious diseases and immunizations. The severity of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome is exacerbated by these variables, especially in low-income and middle-income countries where healthcare systems are already constrained and struggle to meet the demands of other diseases. The primary aim of our article is to comprehensively examine the life-threatening nature and intensity of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome by assessing its etiology, progression, and prevalence in low- and middle-income nations while also considering global trends. Furthermore, we proposed the implementation of standard and efficacious treatment and diagnostic resources that are readily accessible and successful in affluent nations and should also be readily accessible in impoverished nations without any unnecessary delay. Our study also emphasized the epidemiological data with molecular epidemiological analysis and the utilization of artificial technology in low- and middle-income nations. The goal was to decrease the incidence of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome cases and facilitate early detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121241239538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:37:01Z","timestamp":1711413421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["An updated review on Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome: Challenges in infection prevention and control in low- and middle-income countries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9397-4299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sakif Ahamed","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Proma Rani","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zabun","family":"Nahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1443-7150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Masudur Rahman","family":"Dewan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087288"},{"key":"bibr2-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01055-0"},{"key":"bibr3-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.06.069"},{"key":"bibr4-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00339-1"},{"key":"bibr5-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2021.105265"},{"key":"bibr6-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cff735"},{"key":"bibr7-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.11.1467"},{"key":"bibr8-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2011.01503.x"},{"key":"bibr9-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.285.6336.173"},{"key":"bibr10-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410380516"},{"key":"bibr11-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-200601000-00011"},{"key":"bibr12-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2001.01363.x"},{"key":"bibr13-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400209"},{"key":"bibr14-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(10)70261-9"},{"key":"bibr15-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(94)90315-8"},{"key":"bibr16-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200932040-00005"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr17-20503121241239538","volume":"10","author":"Wajih Ullah M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"bibr18-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62189-8"},{"key":"bibr19-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15466"},{"key":"bibr20-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-020-01145-6"},{"key":"bibr21-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00467-y"},{"key":"bibr22-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02319-4"},{"key":"bibr23-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000324710"},{"key":"bibr24-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.118810"},{"key":"bibr25-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.12.1301"},{"key":"bibr26-20503121241239538","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-9151-x"},{"key":"bibr27-20503121241239538","unstructured":"Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Syndrome \u2013 Peru. 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