{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T01:19:56Z","timestamp":1793668796363,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined the relationship between gastrointestinal disease and post-traumatic stress disorder in U.S. military Veterans. Based on literature and clinical practice data sources from the U.S. Veterans Administration, gastrointestinal disease and post-traumatic stress disorder were hypothesized to be positively correlated in Veterans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the frequency with which gastrointestinal disease and post-traumatic stress disorder are diagnosed comorbidities, a diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease accompanies a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder, and a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder accompanies a diagnosis of a gastrointestinal disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The methodology was a retrospective, correlational design using data collected from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs patient database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results were that post-traumatic stress disorder is bi-directionally correlated with the gastrointestinal diseases of gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease, functional dyspepsia, Crohn\u2019s disease, diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and the symptoms of constipation and nausea\/vomiting within Veterans who served during wartime periods. The study also found that post-traumatic stress disorder is not correlated with ulcerative colitis in Veterans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The conclusions are that clinicians who see a presentation of post-traumatic stress disorder should be screening for gastrointestinal disease, while primary care and gastroenterology providers treating gastrointestinal disease should be screening for a history of trauma, as improved diagnosis rates may lead to improved treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121241260000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T04:34:17Z","timestamp":1719030857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and gastrointestinal disease in United States Military Veterans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0016-9300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelsey G","family":"Kent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Frontier Nursing University, Versailles, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22072"},{"key":"bibr2-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14040"},{"key":"bibr3-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001748"},{"key":"bibr4-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab152"},{"key":"bibr5-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000116"},{"key":"bibr6-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000622"},{"key":"bibr7-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fg.2010.002733"},{"key":"bibr8-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04387.x"},{"key":"bibr9-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001670"},{"key":"bibr10-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14446"},{"key":"bibr11-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14548"},{"key":"bibr12-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izz280"},{"key":"bibr13-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06798-y"},{"key":"bibr14-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.386"},{"key":"bibr15-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121211049112"},{"key":"bibr16-20503121241260000","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. ICD Code Lists, https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare\/coordination-benefits-recovery\/overview\/icd-code-lists (2023, accessed 1 June 2021)."},{"key":"bibr17-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja16.00935"},{"key":"bibr18-20503121241260000","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. National center for Veteran\u2019s analysis and statistics, https:\/\/www.va.gov\/vetdata\/veteran_population.asp (2016, accessed 1 June 2021)."},{"key":"bibr19-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000622"},{"key":"bibr20-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0271284"},{"key":"bibr21-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14040"},{"key":"bibr22-20503121241260000","unstructured":"American College of Gastroenterology. Irritable bowel syndrome, https:\/\/gi.org\/topics\/irritable-bowel-syndrome\/#tabs1 (2024, accessed 29 March 2024)."},{"key":"bibr23-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001748"},{"key":"bibr24-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab152"},{"key":"bibr25-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izz280"},{"key":"bibr26-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2008.03847.x"},{"key":"bibr27-20503121241260000","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4193"},{"key":"bibr28-20503121241260000","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. National center for Veteran\u2019s analysis and statistics, https:\/\/www.va.gov\/vetdata\/veteran_population.asp (2016, accessed 1 June 2021)."}],"container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20503121241260000","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20503121241260000","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20503121241260000","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:28:29Z","timestamp":1777595309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20503121241260000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20503121241260000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20503121241260000","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-3121","2050-3121"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-3121","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-3121","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"article-number":"20503121241260000"}}