{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:30:56Z","timestamp":1793730656145,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A dysregulated host response to infection resulting in life-threatening organ dysfunction defines the onset of sepsis. Unfortunately, sepsis is common, costly, and deadly. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign publishes regularly updated, evidence-informed, detection, and treatment guidelines culminating in time-sensitive care \u201cbundles.\u201d The goal of these bundles is to expedite sepsis recognition because it is widely held that early treatment is life-saving. Hospitals are mandated to publicly report their bundle compliance, and this will soon be tied to hospital reimbursement. For these reasons, hospitals are creating sepsis emergency response teams which are a form of a rapid response team consisting of dedicated medical professionals who evaluate patients with suspected sepsis and initiate therapy when appropriate. Evidence to date support sepsis emergency response teams as a mechanism to improve bundle compliance, and potentially, patient outcome. Nevertheless, some elements of bundled sepsis care are controversial (e.g., intravenous fluid administration) as some argue that mandated treatment precludes personalized care. Herein, we briefly describe general sepsis emergency response team structure, review evidence supporting sepsis emergency response teams to improve bundle compliance and patient outcome and report our unique experience incorporating point of care ultrasound\u2014to guide intravenous fluid\u2014into a nursing-led sepsis team. We propose that our sepsis emergency response team approach allays concern that sepsis care is either bundled or personalized. Instead, incorporating point of care ultrasound into a nursing-led sepsis emergency response team increases bundle compliance and individualizes care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121241290378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,9]],"date-time":"2024-11-09T00:53:24Z","timestamp":1731113604000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A nursing-led sepsis response team guiding resuscitation with point-of-care ultrasound: A review and model for improving bundle compliance while individualizing sepsis care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jared","family":"Nunnally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Mi","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Ugale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammy","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaclyn","family":"Bond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3654-1146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon-Emile S","family":"Kenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences North Research Institute, Emerging Areas of Clinical Research, Sudbury, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramiz A","family":"Fargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Riverside University Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Hyperbaric, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Korbin","family":"Haycock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"bibr2-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208623"},{"key":"bibr3-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827c09f8"},{"key":"bibr4-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-0352"},{"key":"bibr5-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.2637"},{"key":"bibr6-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.38596"},{"key":"bibr7-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7"},{"key":"bibr8-20503121241290378","volume-title":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs","author":"Torio CM","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr9-20503121241290378","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"Hall MJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"bibr10-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1703058"},{"key":"bibr11-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.2167"},{"key":"bibr12-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000217961.75225.E9"},{"key":"bibr13-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010307"},{"key":"bibr14-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06506-y"},{"key":"bibr15-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-13761-2_41"},{"key":"bibr16-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-1571"},{"key":"bibr17-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.06.046"},{"key":"bibr18-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5085-0"},{"key":"bibr19-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1400276"},{"key":"bibr20-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1794813"},{"key":"bibr21-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.022"},{"key":"bibr22-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0b013e32832e3825"},{"key":"bibr23-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.06.041"},{"key":"bibr24-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.12.004"},{"key":"bibr25-20503121241290378","unstructured":"Sebat F. Designing, implementing and enhancing a rapid response system. Mount Prospect, IL: Society of Critical Care Medicine, 2009, p. 217."},{"key":"bibr26-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.5.1729"},{"key":"bibr27-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2016.01.004"},{"key":"bibr28-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2010.12.008"},{"key":"bibr29-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx072"},{"key":"bibr30-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000743"},{"key":"bibr31-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0288"},{"key":"bibr32-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.20328"},{"key":"bibr33-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2017.11.036"},{"key":"bibr34-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-017-0436-3"},{"key":"bibr35-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211133"},{"key":"bibr36-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.05.004"},{"key":"bibr37-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1704500607"},{"key":"bibr38-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000206104.18647.A8"},{"key":"bibr39-20503121241290378","first-page":"223","volume":"74","author":"Castro R","year":"2008","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"bibr40-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2010.095067"},{"key":"bibr41-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.08.009"},{"key":"bibr42-20503121241290378","first-page":"136","volume":"25","author":"Ludikhuize J","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care Resusc"},{"key":"bibr43-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318205df85"},{"key":"bibr44-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1553-7250(09)35025-4"},{"key":"bibr45-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000002155"},{"key":"bibr46-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8029"},{"key":"bibr47-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181ffde08"},{"key":"bibr48-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026790"},{"key":"bibr49-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/980369"},{"key":"bibr50-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1945-1474.2011.00168.x"},{"key":"bibr51-20503121241290378","first-page":"359","volume":"13","author":"Seoane L","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"key":"bibr52-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCC.0000000000000046"},{"key":"bibr53-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028014538773"},{"key":"bibr54-20503121241290378","first-page":"483","volume":"41","author":"Jones SL","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf"},{"key":"bibr55-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2259"},{"key":"bibr56-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1062860616676887"},{"key":"bibr57-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.08.039"},{"key":"bibr58-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-017-0280-7"},{"key":"bibr59-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.04.005"},{"key":"bibr60-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2017183"},{"key":"bibr61-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix548"},{"key":"bibr62-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2017.1293840"},{"key":"bibr63-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjoq-2018-000355"},{"key":"bibr64-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JHQ.0000000000000166"},{"key":"bibr65-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2019.07.001"},{"key":"bibr66-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000552614.89028.d6"},{"key":"bibr67-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.07.002"},{"key":"bibr68-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000312"},{"key":"bibr69-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2022608"},{"key":"bibr70-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-022-01957-x"},{"key":"bibr71-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.10.035"},{"key":"bibr72-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/17.suppl_1.S11"},{"key":"bibr73-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66733-5"},{"key":"bibr74-20503121241290378","first-page":"12","volume":"10","author":"Kenny J-ES","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"key":"bibr75-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666231224396"},{"key":"bibr76-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2022.154070"},{"key":"bibr77-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00220124-20191015-09"},{"key":"bibr78-20503121241290378","volume":"15","author":"Kalam S","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"bibr79-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06538-4"},{"key":"bibr80-20503121241290378","volume":"49","author":"Li L","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"bibr81-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06569-x"},{"key":"bibr82-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/L18-0139"},{"key":"bibr83-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2017.07.409"},{"key":"bibr84-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0044-0"},{"key":"bibr85-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2021.05.020"},{"key":"bibr86-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.12.016"},{"key":"bibr87-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0071"},{"key":"bibr88-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000001022"},{"key":"bibr89-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.11.1022"},{"key":"bibr90-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-023-00504-8"},{"key":"bibr91-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/64410"},{"key":"bibr92-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmedt.2021.676995"},{"key":"bibr93-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-023-00330-9"},{"key":"bibr94-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87116-y"},{"key":"bibr95-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-02098-8"},{"key":"bibr96-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)90711-9"},{"key":"bibr97-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1313"},{"key":"bibr98-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-4-1"},{"key":"bibr99-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-020-00163-w"},{"key":"bibr100-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04471-0"},{"key":"bibr101-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0708-5"},{"key":"bibr102-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-022-01022-8"},{"key":"bibr103-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.6.2000"},{"key":"bibr104-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-3898-7"},{"key":"bibr105-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066606295303"},{"key":"bibr106-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-2732-y"},{"key":"bibr107-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.025"},{"key":"bibr108-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.05.524"},{"key":"bibr109-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.06.028"},{"key":"bibr110-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-0994-y"},{"key":"bibr111-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-4134-1"},{"key":"bibr112-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000198"},{"key":"bibr113-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003356"},{"key":"bibr114-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.09.016"},{"key":"bibr115-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.05.007"},{"key":"bibr116-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265711"},{"key":"bibr117-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-04206-7"},{"key":"bibr118-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-020-00170-x"},{"key":"bibr119-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12310"},{"key":"bibr120-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-024-04834-1"},{"key":"bibr121-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.22385"},{"key":"bibr122-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2413-x"},{"key":"bibr123-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-022-00301-6"},{"key":"bibr124-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.001"},{"key":"bibr125-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000533"},{"key":"bibr126-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-017-1045-3"},{"key":"bibr127-20503121241290378","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1438-7"}],"container-title":["SAGE Open Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20503121241290378","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/20503121241290378","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/20503121241290378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:29:32Z","timestamp":1777595372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20503121241290378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":127,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/20503121241290378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20503121241290378","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-3121","2050-3121"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-3121","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-3121","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"article-number":"20503121241290378"}}