{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:52:51Z","timestamp":1777881171657,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lichen planus is an inflammatory dermatosis with a prevalence of approximately 1%. Recent meta-analyses show that patients with hepatitis C virus have a 2.5- to 4.5-fold increased risk of developing lichen planus. Lichen planus has also followed vaccinations and has specifically been attributed to the hepatitis B vaccine, the influenza vaccine, and the tetanus\u2013diphtheria\u2013acellular pertussis vaccine. We describe a case of lichen planus in a hepatitis C virus\u2013infected African American male occurring in temporal association with the administration of the tetanus\u2013diphtheria\u2013acellular pertussis vaccine. The patient\u2019s presentation was clinically consistent with lichen planus and confirmed by biopsy. It is likely that many cases of vaccine-induced lichen planus have gone unpublished or unrecognized. In areas with high prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection, we may expect to see more cases of vaccine-induced lichen planus especially in light of the updated Centers for Disease Control and Prevention tetanus\u2013diphtheria\u2013acellular pertussis vaccination recommendations. This case serves to educate healthcare providers about vaccine-induced lichen planus and, in particular, the need to counsel hepatitis C virus\u2013infected patients about a potential risk of developing lichen planus following vaccination. We also reflect on current theories suggesting the T-cell\u2013mediated pathogenesis of lichen planus and the role that hepatitis C virus and toxoid or protein vaccines may play in initiating the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313x17750335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]],"date-time":"2018-01-05T01:33:22Z","timestamp":1515116002000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Lichen planus following tetanus\u2013diphtheria\u2013acellular pertussis vaccination: A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Heather C","family":"Rosengard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chikoti M","family":"Wheat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew P","family":"Tilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan D","family":"Cuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2009.04062.x"},{"key":"bibr2-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2010.01670.x"},{"key":"bibr3-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.200"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr4-2050313X17750335","first-page":"1067","volume":"10","author":"Ghasri P","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr5-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-007-2097-x"},{"key":"bibr6-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.01740.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr7-2050313X17750335","first-page":"234","volume":"70","author":"Agrawal A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"bibr8-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2004.00989.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr9-2050313X17750335","first-page":"536","volume":"6","author":"Akay BN","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr10-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000321191"},{"key":"bibr11-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12987"},{"key":"bibr12-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"An I, Demir V, \u0130bilo\u011flu I, et al. Lichen planus secondary to rabies vaccination. Dermatol Online J 2017; 23(3), http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/3hr3t4hs#page-3","DOI":"10.5070\/D3233034295"},{"key":"bibr13-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08378.x"},{"key":"bibr14-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2014.12.009"},{"key":"bibr15-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08294.x"},{"key":"bibr16-2050313X17750335","unstructured":"Pasteur S. Adacel (tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, acellular pertussis) (package insert); 2005, https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/biologicsbloodvaccines\/vaccines\/approvedproducts\/ucm142764.pdf"},{"key":"bibr17-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2001.00885.x"},{"key":"bibr18-2050313X17750335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-3611-1.50006-4"},{"key":"bibr19-2050313X17750335","first-page":"468","volume":"61","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2012","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"}],"container-title":["SAGE Open Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2050313X17750335","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2050313X17750335","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2050313X17750335","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:34:56Z","timestamp":1777595696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2050313X17750335"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2050313X17750335"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2050313x17750335","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-313X","2050-313X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-313X","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-313X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"article-number":"2050313X17750335"}}