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We report a case of complicated diabetes mellitus developing osmotic demyelination syndrome. The patient had presented with altered sensorium and seizure, which was initially diagnosed as hyperglycemia, but during his treatment, the magnetic resonance imaging of brain revealed central pontine myelinolysis. Our search on the causes of osmotic demyelination syndrome other than rapid correction of hyponatremia has revealed several other causes like autoimmune liver disease, Sjogren\u2019s syndrome and non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma in addition to diabetes mellitus. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313x221135595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T11:25:07Z","timestamp":1667301907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Occurrence of osmotic demyelination syndrome in diabetes mellitus: A case report and literature review of various etiologies for osmotic demyelination syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3840-5161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sushil Kumar","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan 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