{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T15:11:34Z","timestamp":1784560294073,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SAGE Open Medical Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The authors report a case of vulvar lichen planus\u2013induced vulvovaginal stenosis along with a review of the current literature. The authors outline a case of a patient with biopsy-proven vulvar lichen planus who subsequently developed a vulvovaginal stenosis. Treatment was initiated with clobetasol ointment, oral prednisone, later transitioned to oral methotrexate and clobetasol, and then switched to acitretin. Collaboration with the patient\u2019s family physician and the hypertension clinic has been sought to remove medications associated with lichenoid reactions from the patient\u2019s regimen. Review of literature was conducted through Ovid MEDLINE. Only six cases of vulvar lichen planus\u2013induced vulvovaginal stenosis had been found, suggesting the relative rarity of this severe disease presentation. The patient has achieved control with her current regimen, as well as some clinical improvement of the resulting vaginal stenosis. Vulvovaginal stenosis can be induced by vulvar lichen planus, and its management requires a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313x231164216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T12:58:21Z","timestamp":1680094701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Vulvar lichen planus\u2013induced vulvovaginal stenosis: A case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Meghan R","family":"Chow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navjeet","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5098-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatmah","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S Nan","family":"Schuurmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene T","family":"Dytoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.005"},{"key":"bibr2-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1989.01670240077018"},{"key":"bibr3-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.156315"},{"key":"bibr4-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.12.006"},{"key":"bibr5-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340601110721"},{"key":"bibr6-2050313X231164216","first-page":"715","volume":"140","author":"Byrd JA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr7-2050313X231164216","first-page":"665","volume":"108","author":"Jones RW","year":"2001","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"bibr8-2050313X231164216","first-page":"74","volume":"72","author":"Soper DE","year":"1988","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"bibr9-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05325.x"},{"key":"bibr10-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.2008.00472.x"},{"key":"bibr11-2050313X231164216","first-page":"1121","volume":"101","author":"Lotery HE","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"bibr12-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1995.01690150029007"},{"key":"bibr13-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90330-U"},{"key":"bibr14-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02852.x"},{"key":"bibr15-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-155"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr16-2050313X231164216","first-page":"2301","volume":"19","author":"Hammami S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr17-2050313X231164216","volume":"86","author":"Artico G","year":"2011","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr18-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2009.03581.x"},{"key":"bibr19-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e318258bf5b"},{"key":"bibr20-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13851"},{"key":"bibr21-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13793"},{"key":"bibr22-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.08.061"},{"key":"bibr23-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13762"},{"key":"bibr24-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.070"},{"key":"bibr25-2050313X231164216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e318252d347"}],"container-title":["SAGE Open Medical Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2050313X231164216","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2050313X231164216","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2050313X231164216","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T22:15:47Z","timestamp":1740867347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2050313X231164216"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2050313X231164216"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2050313x231164216","relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-313X","2050-313X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-313X","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-313X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"article-number":"2050313X231164216"}}