{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:49:03Z","timestamp":1790174943848,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastrointestinal symptoms and malabsorption following fructose ingestion (fructose intolerance) are common in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). The underlying mechanism is unclear, but is hypothesized to be related an abnormality of intestinal fructose transporter proteins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the expression of the main intestinal fructose transporter proteins, glucose transport protein 5 (GLUT5) and 2 (GLUT2), in FGID.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The expression of GLUT5 and GLUT2 protein and mRNA in small intestinal biopsy tissue was investigated using real\u2010time reverse\u2010transcription PCR and Western immunoblotting in 11 adults with FGID and fructose intolerance ascertained by breath testing and in 15 controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median expression levels of GLUT5\u00a0mRNA normalized to beta\u2010actin were 0.18 (interquartile range, IQR, 0.13\u20130.21) in patients and 0.17 (IQR 0.12\u20130.19) in controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Respective levels of GLUT2\u00a0mRNA were 0.26 (IQR 0.20\u20130.31) and 0.26 (IQR 0.19\u20130.31) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Median expression levels of GLUT5 protein normalized to alpha\u2010tubulin were 0.95 (IQR 0.52\u20131.68) in patients and 0.95 (IQR 0.59\u20131.15) in controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Respective protein expression levels for GLUT2 were 1.56 (IQR 1.06\u20132.14) and 1.35 (IQR 0.96\u20131.79) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human fructose intolerance may not be associated with marked changes in GLUT5 and GLUT2 expression. Replication of these results in a larger subject group, including measures of transporter activation and membrane and subcellular localization, is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640613505279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,20]],"date-time":"2013-09-20T07:28:29Z","timestamp":1379662109000},"page":"14-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Fructose transporters GLUT5 and GLUT2 expression in adult patients with fructose intolerance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Clive H","family":"Wilder-Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain\u2010Gut Research Group Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Neurogastroenterology Unit Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogastroenterology Unit Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherry SY","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnosis Centre Department of Laboratory Medicine National University Hospital Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai Mun","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogastroenterology Unit Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reuben K","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogastroenterology Unit Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn SC","family":"Koay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnosis Centre Department of Laboratory Medicine National University Hospital Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronaldo P","family":"Ferraris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; 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