{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T23:21:51Z","timestamp":1791501711135,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005366","name":"Universitetet i Oslo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnosing coeliac disease (CD) can be challenging, despite highly specific autoantibodies and typical mucosal changes in the small intestine. The T\u2010cell response to gluten is a hallmark of the disease that has been hitherto unexploited in clinical work\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to develop a new method that directly visualizes and characterizes gluten\u2010reactive CD4+ T cells in blood, independently of gluten challenge, and to explore its diagnostic potential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed bead\u2010enrichment of DQ2.5\u2010glia\u2010\u03b11a and DQ2.5\u2010glia\u2010\u03b12 tetramer+ cells in the blood of control individuals, treated (TCD) and untreated patients (UCD). We visualized these cells by flow cytometry, sorted them and cloned them. We assessed their specificity by antigen stimulation and re\u2010staining with tetramers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We detected significantly more gliadin\u2010tetramer+ CD4+ effector memory T cells (T\n                      <jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) in UCD and TCD patients, compared to controls. Significantly more gliadin\u2010tetramer+ T\n                      <jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub>\n                      in the CD patients than in controls expressed the gut\u2010homing marker integrin\u2010\u03b27.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Quantification of gut\u2010homing, gluten\u2010specific T\n                      <jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub>\n                      in peripheral blood, visualized with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) \u2010tetramers, may be used to distinguish CD patients from healthy individuals. Easy access to gluten\u2010reactive blood T cells from diseased and healthy individuals may lead to new insights on the disease\u2010driving CD4+ T cells in CD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614540154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T12:45:49Z","timestamp":1404218749000},"page":"268-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Tetramer\u2010visualized gluten\u2010specific CD4+ T cells in blood as a potential diagnostic marker for coeliac disease without oral gluten challenge"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Asbj\u00f8rn","family":"Christophersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"R\u00e1ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elin","family":"Bergseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut EA","family":"Lundin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Jahnsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Ullev\u00e5l Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludvig M","family":"Sollid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo-Wang","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Immune Regulation and Department of Immunology University of Oslo Oslo University Hospital \u2013 Rikshospitalet Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2006.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra071600"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31821a23d0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.10.003","article-title":"Institute medical position statement on the diagnosis and management of celiac disease","volume":"131","author":"American Gastroenterological Association (AGA)","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/003655200750024362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.1.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-93.x-i2","article-title":"Gliadin specific, HLA DQ2-restricted T cells are commonly found in small intestinal biopsies from coeliac disease patients, but not from controls","volume":"46","author":"Molberg \u00d8","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1074129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(94)90047-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/73200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0608610104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.4861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/44385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Studies of gliadin-specific T cells in celiac disease","volume":"41","author":"Molberg \u00d8","year":"2000","journal-title":"Methods Mol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-3528(95)90032-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199910000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1826"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2007.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxt037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0602-631"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090504"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101526"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010729207320"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.219"}],"container-title":["United European Gastroenterology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2050640614540154","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/2050640614540154","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/2050640614540154","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T03:09:20Z","timestamp":1693710560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2050640614540154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/2050640614540154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2050640614540154","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-6406","2050-6414"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-6406","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-6414","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}}}